LAW 



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are designed, they should widen gradually fmm 

 "the house outward to the furthest extremity, lu 

 have the greater advantage of prospect ; and by 

 having that part of them within tlie limits 

 of llie pleasure-groimd, bounded on each side 

 by plantations of ornamental trees and shrubs, 

 thcv may be continued gradually near towards 

 ■each wing of the habitation^ in order to he 

 looner in the walks of the plantations, under 

 shade, shelter, and retirement. The termina- 

 tions at the further ends may be either by ha-has 

 to extend the prospect, or by a shrubbery, or 

 plantation of stately trees, arranged in sweeps 

 and concave curves. But where they extend 

 towards any great road, or distant agreeable 

 prospect, it is more in character to have; the ut- 

 most verge open, so as to admit of a grand 

 view from and to the main residence. 



The side-boundary verges should have the 

 plantations rurally formed, airy, and elegant, 

 by being planted with different sorts of the 

 ino«t ornamental trees and shrubs, not in one 

 continued close plantation, but in distinct sepa- 

 rated compartments and clumps, varied larger 

 or smaller, and difierently formed, in a some- 

 what natural imitation, being sometimes sepa- 

 rated and detached less or more, by intervening- 

 breaks and open spaces of short grass, comnui- 

 nicating both with the Lawns and interior di- 

 stricts ; and generally varied in moderate sweeps 

 and curves, especially towards the Lawns, to 

 avoid stiff, formal appearances, both in the 

 figure of the Lawns and plantations. In plant- 

 uigthe trees and shrubs, which should be both of 

 the deciduous and evergreen kinds, where intend- 

 ed to plant in distinct clumps, either introduce 

 the deciduous and evergreens alternately in sepa- 

 rate parts, or havesome of both interspersed in as- 

 semblage; in either method placing the lower 

 growth of shrubs towards the front, and the taller 

 backwards in proportion to their several statuies, 

 so as to exhibit a regular gradation of height, that 

 the different sorts may appear conspicuous from 

 the main Lawns. They may be continued back- 

 wards to a considerable depth, being backed 

 with trees and shrubs of more lofty growth. 

 The internal parts of the plantations may have 

 gravel or sand walks, some sh.ady, others open ; 

 with here and there some spacious short grass 

 openings of different dimensions and forms. 



Extensive Lawns in parks or paddocks, &c. 

 have seldom any boundary plantations close to 

 what may be considered as a continuation of 

 them beyond the pleasure-ground, but are some- 

 times dotted with noble trees, dispersed in various 

 parts, at great distances, so as not to obstruct 

 the view ; some placed singly, others in groups 

 by twos, threes, fives, ike. and some placed 

 irregidarly, in triangles, sweeps, straight lines. 



anil other different iigm-es, to cause liie :;rea(er 

 variety and effect, each group being diversilied 

 with diffeient sorts of treses, all suffered to take 

 their natural growth. 



These kind of spaces or openings should al- 

 ways be kept perfectly neat, by being olten poled, 

 rolled, and mown. See Gi!ass-G"i;ound, and 



TlIKFIN'tl. 



LAWSONLY, a genus containing plants of 

 the exotic tree kind for the stove. 



It belongs to the class and order Ocfaiidria 

 Movogipna, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Sallcar'ue. 



The characters arc : that the calyx is a four- 

 cleft perianlhium, small, permanent : the corolla 

 has four petals, ovate-lanceolate, flat, spreading: 

 the stamina have eight filiform filaments, lengtli 

 of the eorollj, in twin pairs between the petids : 

 anthers roundish : the pistillnm is a roundish 

 germ : style simple, length of the stamens, 

 permanent : stigma headed : the pericarpium is 

 a capsule (or berry), globose with a point, four- 

 celled : the seeds many, cornered and pointed. 



The species are : 1 . L. iiiermis, Smooth Law- 

 sonia; '2. L. spinosa, Prickly Lawsonia. 



The first rises with a shrubby stalk eitrht or 

 ten feet high : the branches come out by pairs 

 opposite ; they are slender and covered with a 

 whitish yellow bark : the leaves are small, op- 

 posite, oblong, ending in acute points, pale 

 green: the flowers in loose terminatini"; bunches, 

 gray or dirty white : the petals small, turnino- 

 back at the top. It is a native of India, &c. 



The second species rises with a woody trunk 

 eighteen feet high or more : the wood is hard 

 and close, covered with a light gray bark : the 

 branches alternate : the leaves oblong-oval : at 

 the joints where the leaves are placed ~come out 

 single, strong, sharp thorns : the flowers are in 

 loose bunches from the sides of the branches, 

 pale yellow, of a disagreeable scent. It is a 

 native of the East Indies. 



Cullure. — These plants may be raised by 

 sowing the seeds in pots of light moidd in the 

 early spring, plunging them in the bark-iied of 

 the stove. When the plants have aequircd a 

 few inches growth, they should be removed 

 into separate small pots tilled with lioht sandy 

 earth, replunging them in the bark-bed, and 

 giving a little water, with proper shade. They 

 afterwards may be placed so as to have pretty 

 free air, but be constantly kept in the stove. 



They afford variety among other stove plants. 



LAYER, the yo\mg shoot or branch of such 

 trees as are capable of being raised by being laid 

 into the ground. It is the part which is placed 

 in the earth in order to strike root. 



LAYIN(j, the operation of placing layers ia 

 the soil. It is a method adapted to most sorts 

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