MAN 



MAN 



m^»ch water in the passage. When they arrive 

 111 a cold cliniate, they shcnilii be scrccnoil from 

 c«ld. The plants should afterwards be set in 

 pots filled with light kitchen-garden earth, and 

 be placed in a dry stove, where, in warm wea- 

 ther, they should have fresh air daily, and in 

 winter the air be kept up to tenipei'ate, as 

 marked on the botanical thermometer; as they 

 do not succeed well in the tan-bed. 



Where the nuts are made use of, they should 

 be sent over in wax to preserve their vegetative 

 propertv. 



They may also be increased from cuttings, in 

 the manner of Gardenia, in this climate. 



MANGO-TREE. See Maxgifeha. 



MANGROVE GRAPE-TREE. See Coc- 



COLOJiA. 



MANNA ASH, Sec Fraxinus. 



MANURE, such substances or materials, 

 whether of the dunsr, compost, or other kinds, 

 as are useful in the improvement of land, so as 

 to produce good vegetable crops. 



Materials of this kind are necessary to all 

 soils, to repair them when exhausted by the 

 growtli of vegetables, and cure their defects; 

 being thus beneficial in enriching and fertilizing 

 such as are poor, and in rendering such as arc 

 strong or stubborn more light, loose, and fri- 

 able, as well as those which are very light, loose, 

 and dry, more compact and moist, and those 

 that are too wet drier, &cc. In this view, moist 

 stiff" land is the most improved by light Manures, 

 which open and loosen its particles ; very light 

 land by the more heavy and moist sorts ; and 

 wet land by dry light composts. Some soils 

 also retjuire Manure annually, while others 

 only once in two or three years. See Dung, &c. 



The most proper sorts of Manure for the use 

 of the kitchen-garden are those of the stable, 

 cow, sheep, and pigeon dung, soot, lime, loamy 

 niarle, shell marie, sea-weed, wood, whin, fern, 

 and coal ashes, the vegetable mould of decayed 

 tree-leaves, and decayed vegetables of all kinds, 

 as cabbage leaves, haulm, weeds, &c. And to 

 these may be added the fluid substance which 

 drains from dunghills, which is capable of af- 

 fording the nutrition of plants in a verv high 

 degree, from the large proportion of carbona- 

 ceous iTiatter that it contains. 



These materials may be applied either in a 

 simple or compound state ; but the latter me- 

 thod is probably in general the most eligible ; 

 as it is supposed by some, that if they have not 

 undergone a proper degree of fermentation, 

 they have the effect of giving a rank and disa- 

 greeable flavour to some fruits and vegetables ; 

 and when a large quantity is applied, of pro- 

 ducing a considerable degree of unwholesome- 



ness, tainting the juices of the plants. This 

 effect is, however, nuich to be disputed, since 

 the different substances are changed and elabo- 

 rated in the vessels of the vegetables before 

 they become lit for the purpose of their in- 

 crease. 



The author of the Scotch Forcing Gardener 

 asserts that " a combination of stable dung, 

 sea weed, lime, and vegetable mould, which 

 has lain in a heap for three or four months, and 

 has been two or three times turned during that 

 period, will m.ake an excellent Manure for most 

 kinds of garden land." Also that of '• cow dung 

 and sheep dung, mixed wiih soot or any of the 

 kinds of ashes ;" and that " pigeon dung, 

 marie, and vegetable mould, well mixed, will 

 make an excellent Manure for heavy land ; or 

 even for lighter soils, provided the pigeon dung 

 be used sparingly." But that " pigeon dung, 

 lime, soot, ashes, &c., should never be applied 

 in a simple state : the quantity of them requir- 

 ed being comparatively small, and the regular 

 distribution difficult without the admixture of 

 other matter. He further observes, that he has 

 ** witnessed the astonishing effects of whin 

 ashes alone, in producing herbage in a five or 

 six fold degree; which was the more obvious, 

 on account that the field on which they were 

 applied was much alike in quality (a stiff, wet, 

 clayey loam), and the ashes applied partially. 

 The effect was visible for several successive 

 years. Also, on the timber trees with which the 

 field was afterwards planted." He conceives 

 that " marie is an excellent Manure for almost 

 any soil ; and may be applied as a simple with 

 as much propriety as any of the kinds of cattle 

 dung, or even vegetable earth. The kind called 

 shell marie is, he thinks, much to be preferred; 

 and should be freely applied to strong lands, but 

 sparingly to light : the loamy kind being best 

 adapted to light lands." 



When stable dung is used in a simple state, 

 it " should not," he supposes, "be applied in too 

 rank a state, nor should it be too much fer- 

 mented. It should generally lie in a heap for 

 two or three months; during which time it 

 should be turned twice or thrice. A ton of it 

 in this state is worth three that has been used 

 in the hot-bed, and is a year old. This Ma- 

 nure, and indeed dung of any kind, when thus 

 applied, should never be carried from the heap 

 to the ground till it is to be digged in; as, by 

 its exposure to the air, the virtues evaporate, 

 and it is the less effectual." 



And when made use of in a simple condi- 

 tion, he imagines "the necessity of the in- 

 stant application of sea weed after its landing, is 

 even greater than the above case ; as it instantly 



