MAR 



MAR 



They afford ornament and variety in stove col- 

 lections. 



MARIGOLD. See Caltha. 



MARJORAM. See Origanum. 



MARLE, a sort of fossile earthy substance, 

 made use oFtor rcnderinsr stiff adhesive "arden- 

 lands n)ore open and light. 



It varies much in its nature, some being 

 nearly of the nature of fuller's earth, and of a 

 fat enriching qualitv, of which there are blue, 

 gray, yellow, and red coloured; but the blue is 

 esteemed the best. In other cases, it has the 

 appearance of a kind of soft stone, or rather slate, 

 of a bhieish or gray colour, called stone or slate 

 marlc, being found commonly near river-sides, 

 and the sides of hills, &c. and though hard when 

 dug, easily dissolves by rain and frost. There 

 are likewise calcareous, or shell and elaymarles, 

 the latter resembling a fat sort of clay or loam. 

 The last sort is accounted good manure for im- 

 proving light, loose, sandy, garden lands. See 

 Majjure. 



MARRUBIUM, a genus containing plants 

 of the shrubby kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Didynamia 

 Gymnospermia, and ranks in the natural order 

 of VerlicUlatce, 



The characters are r that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed, salver-shaped perianthium, rigid, ten- 

 streaked ; mouth equal, patulous, often ten- 

 toothed : tootblets alternate, smaller : the co- 

 rolla one-petalled, ringent; tube cylindrical : 

 border gaping, with a long tubular opening : 

 ujiper li]3 erect, linear, bifid, acute : lower re- 

 flex, broader, half-three-cleft ; the middle seg- 

 ment broader, emarginate, the lateral ones 

 acute ; the stamina have four filaments, short- 

 er than the corolla, concealed beneath the 

 upper-lip, two longer; anthers simple : the pis- 

 tillum is a four-cleft germ : stile filiform, of 

 the same length and in the same situation with 

 the stamens : stigma bifid : there is no pericar- 

 piuni : calvx contracted at the neck, spread out 

 at the mouth, inclosing the seeds : the seeds four, 

 somewhat oblong. 



The species cultivated are: 1. M. Pseudo- 

 Diclamnus, Shrubby White Horehound ; 2. 

 jV/. acetahuhstim, Saucer-leaved White Hore- 

 hound. 



The first rises with a shrubby stalk two feet 

 high, dividing into many branches : the leaves 

 are small, sitting pretty close to the stalks : the 

 whorls of flowers not so large as those of the 

 eighth sort: the rim of the calyx flat: the flowers 

 white : the whole plant very hoary with a dense 

 compact cotton. It is a native of the island of 

 Candia, flowering from June to August. 



The second species has the stems hairv, about 



two feet high: the leavrs heart-shaped, rough 

 on their upper side, and hoary on their under, 

 deeply serrate : the whorls large : the border of 

 the calyx flat ; segments many, membrana- 

 ceous, angulir, and rounded at the top : the co- 

 rolla small, pale purple, scarcely apptarina; out 

 of the caiyx : upper lip erect. Mart\n oljservcs, 

 that after flowering time the bortler of the ca- 

 lyx grove's out till it becomes twice as long as 

 the lube, is naked and membranaceous, not 

 viilose as in the first species. It is also a native 

 of the island of Candia, flowering from June 

 to August. 



Culture. — These sorts are capable of being 

 increased by planting cuttings of the young 

 shoots or branches in a shady border in the 

 early spring, as about April. When the plants- 

 are well rooted, they may be removed into the 

 places where they are to remain in the early 

 autumn, with earth about their roots ; but it is 

 better to raise them at once in the places where 

 they are to grow : when they grow strongly they 

 should be screened from hard frosts in winter. 



They continue the longest in poor dry soils, 

 from their having a less luxuriant growth. 



They afford variety in the borders, clumps, and 

 other parts of pleasure grounds. 



MARSH-ELDER. See Viburnum. 



MARSH-MALLOW. See Alth.^a. 



MARSH-MARYGOLD. See Caltha. 



MARTYNIA, a genus containing plants of 

 the tender herbaceous flowery kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Didynamia 

 Angiospermia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Personatce. 



The characters are: that the calyx is a five- 

 cleft perianthium, unequal, shrivelling : the co- 

 rolla one-petalled, bell-shaped : tube spreading, 

 venlricose, gibbous below at the base, mellife- 

 rous : border five-cleft, obtuse, spreading: seg- 

 ments almost equal ; the lower straight, the 

 lowest more erect, concave, crenate : the sta- 

 mina have four filiform filaments, curved in- 

 wards; the rudiment of a fifth filament within 

 the upper pair of stamens, short like a cusp : 

 anthers connected-converging : the pistillum is 

 an oblong germ : style short, simple, the length of 

 the stamens : stigma two-lobed : the pericapium 

 is a woody oblong capsule, gibbous, quadarangu- 

 lar, two-furrowed on eacli side, acuminate, with 

 the tip bent back, opening two ways, four or 

 five-celled, inclosing the seeds a= in a four-celled 

 nucleus : the seeds several, oblong, berried. 



The species cultivated are: 1. M. diajidra, 

 Two-stamened Martynia ; 2. M. proboscidea, 

 Hairy Martynia; 3. M. perennis. Perennial 

 Martynia. 



Other species may be cultivated. 



