P H I 



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These kinds of beans are also often employed 

 to run over arbours, and to twine round lines, 

 from the top of tall stakes, and stems of small 

 trees ; also to run up along the sides of houses, 

 or against walls, either upon poles, or upon 

 packihread-strings, suspended from above, about 

 \\hich they will t\\'ine themselves many feet 

 hii'h, bearing abundance of flowers and fruit: 

 they arc likewise sometimes trained to form 

 shady walks, by means of sticks or poles ar- 

 ranged along each side, or by support of a sort 

 of treillage-work, ranging some tall stakes five 

 or six feet asunder, railuig them along the 

 top with poles, or pan-tile laths, or extending 

 strong packthread lines; and from titherof which 

 suspending strings to the ground, six or eight 

 inches asunder, fastening them down wiih pegs : 

 upon these strings the plants will climb, and form 

 a close hedge; or they might be occasionally 

 arched over the top in a similar manner, for tiie 

 runners to extend, and form a vaulted roof and 

 complete shade. Thus this fine climber may 

 be trained in various ways according to fancy, 

 both for use and ornament ; from which those 

 not accommodated with gardens may plant them 

 in pots or boxes, to be placed in court-yards, 

 windows, balconies, Sec. 



Saving Seed. — In order to have perfectly 

 good seed, it is necessary to sow a sufficient 

 quantity in rows on purpose, suffering the whole 

 crop of the plants to remain without gathering 

 any for use: by this means the seed ripens early, 

 and in the highest perfection ; which is essen- 

 tiallv necessarv for those who design the seed for 

 public supply. In private gardens, and many 

 others, they often, however, after having ga- 

 thered the'prime of the principal crops, leave 

 the latter produce of them to grow for seed; 

 which, although it may be tolerably good, is not 

 aUvays so large, plump, and fine, as in the 

 former method. 



When the seed is quite ripe, which is easily 

 known by examining a few of the pods, the plants 

 should be pulled up and spread loosely along in 

 rows, or upon any low hedges, &c., turning 

 them occasionally that the beans may dry and 

 harden well ; which when effected, either thrash 

 them out directly, or lay them up in some dry 

 loft or other room till convenient ; and when 

 thrashed out and cleared from the rubbish, 

 spread them upon some clean airy floor, or some 

 such place in the dry, to harden perfectly ; then 

 ihcy should be put up in bags for next year's 

 yse : — some think the change of seed of this 

 kind to be of much consequence. 



PH ILADELPHUS, a genus containing plants 

 of the hardy deciduous flowering shrubby kind. 



It belongs to file class and order Icosandria 



Moriogynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Hesperidece. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed perianthium, four- or five-parted, acumi- 

 nate, permanent : the corolla has four or five 

 roundish petals, flat, large, spreading : the sta- 

 mina have twenty or twenty-five awl-shaped 

 filaments, the length of the calyx : anthers erect, 

 four-grooved : the pistillum is an inferior germ : 

 style filiform, four- or five-parted : stigmas 

 simple : the pcricarpium is an ovate capsule, 

 acuminate at both ends, naked at the top by the 

 calyx beina; barked, four- or five-celled: parti- 

 tions contrary: the seeds nunierous, oblong, 

 small, decumbent, arilled, fastened to the thick- 

 ened edge of the partitions : arils club-shaped, 

 acuminate, toothleled at the base. 



The species is P. coronarius, Common Sy- 

 ringa or Mock Orange. 



It is a shrub that sends up a great number of 

 slender stalks from the root, seven or eight feet 

 in height, having a gray bark, and jiutting forth 

 several short branches from their sides: the leavci 

 ovate or ovate-lanceolate; those upon the young 

 shoots three inches and a half long, and two 

 broad in the middle, terminating in acute points, 

 and having several indentures on their edges ; 

 they are rough and of a deep green on- their 

 upper side, and pale on their under ; stand op- 

 posite upon very short footstalks, and have tlie 

 taste of fresh cucumbers : the flowers come out 

 from the side, and at the end of the branches, 

 in loose bunches, each on a short pedicel ; they 

 are white, and have a strong scent, which at 

 some distance resembles that of orange-flowers ; 

 but near, it is too powerful for most persons : 

 the flowers appear at the end of May, and con- 

 tinue a great part of June. It is a native, proba- 

 bly, of the South of Europe. 



There are two varieties : the dwarf syringa, 

 which seldom rises above three feet high : the 

 leaves are shorter, more ovate, and little indent- 

 ed on their edges : the flowers come out singly 

 from the side of the branches, and have a double 

 or treble row of petals of the same size and form 

 as the other, and the flowers have the same 

 scent ; but flowering very rarely, it is not so 

 much in estimation. 



The Carolina syringa, which rises with a 

 shrubby stalk about sixteen feet high, sending 

 out slender branches from the sides, opposite to 

 each other : the leaves smooth, shaped like those 

 of the pear-tree, entire, opposite, on pretty long 

 footstalks : the flowers are produced at the ends 

 of the branches ; they are large, but without 

 scent ; each has four white oval petals spreading 

 open, and a large calyx composed of four acute- 

 pointed leaflets. 



