P L A 



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a person holding the plant erect by tlie stem, 

 wliik' anothfi- witli his spade casts in the earth 

 about the roots, taking particular care to break 

 all large clods, and irnii in some of the. linest 

 mould first all round aljout the roots in general, 

 shaking the tree occasionally, to cause the fine 

 soil to tall in close among all the small root 

 fibres ; and where the tree stands too deep, 

 shake it uj) gently to the proper height ; and 

 having filled in the earth to the lop of the hole, 

 it should be trodden gently all round, first round 

 the outside to settle the earth close to the ex- 

 treme roots, continuing the treading graduallv 

 towards the stem, to which the mould should 

 be pressed moderately fiini, but no-where too 

 hard, only just to settle the earth, and steady 

 the plant in an upriglit position : then all the 

 remammg earth should be pared in evenly round 

 the tree, to the width of the hole, raising it 

 somewhat above the general level of the ground, 

 to allow for settling, giving it also a gentle 

 treading; and finishmg it otl" a little hollow at 

 top, the better to receive and retain the moisture 

 from rains, and giving occasional waterings in 

 spring and summer, especially for the choicer 

 kinds of trees and shrubs. 



After this, in winter, or late in spring, it 

 may be of advantage to the choicer kinds of 

 trees and shrubs, to lay some long mulch at top 

 of all the earth, both to keep out the winter's 

 frost, and prevent the drying winds and drought 

 of spring and summer from penetrating to the 

 roots before the trees are well rooted in their 

 new situations. But some, instead of mulch, 

 use grass turfs turned upside down, especially 

 when planting upon grass ground, or any out- 

 plantations where turfs of grass can be obtained; 

 or in orchards, where the ground is in grass; 

 in which case it may be proper to bank some 

 turfs round the sides and top of each hole, par- 

 ticularly for large trees; which will steady tliem 

 more effectually, as well as preserve the mois- 

 ture, if much dry weather should happen the 

 succeeding sunmier. 



In. the second, or Trench Planting, which is 

 a method sometimes practised in the nursery, in 

 putting out seedling and other small trees and 

 shrubs in rows ; and also used for box edgings, 

 as well as sometimes for small hedge-sets, &c. 

 and always in setting out Asparagus ; it is 

 performed by opening a long narrow trench with 

 a spade, making one side upright, then placing 

 the plants against the upright side, and turning 

 the earth in upon their roots. When used for 

 young seedlings, or other small trees, shrubs-, 

 &c. the ground is previously trenched or dug 

 over : a line is then set, and with a spade 

 held with its back towards the line, a nairow 



trench six or eight inches deep is cut out, 

 turning the earth from the line, making the line 

 side nearly perpendicular: the plants are then 

 inserted in the trench at small distances, close 

 to the upright side, covering in the earth about 

 the roots in planting ihem : and having planted 

 one row, the earth should be evenly trodden in 

 all the wffv along, to settle it close, and fix the 

 plants steady, proceeding from row to row in 

 the same manner. 



But in plantinglarger trees in the nurserv way 

 by this method, a larger trench will be requi- 

 site : sometimes a trench one or two spades 

 wide, with jiroportionabie depth, according 33 

 the roots of the trees require, is made ; and 

 having opened it all the way along the intended 

 row, the trees are placed along the middle of the 

 trench, filling in some earth to each tree as 

 placed, one person holding it erect whilst an- 

 other throws in the earth ; and having placed one 

 row, trim in all the remaining earth evenly ; 

 then treading it closely all the way to fix the 

 plants steady and in a perfectly upright manner. 



In the third, or Trenching-in Planting, 

 which is also sometimes practised in light plia- 

 ble-working ground,^ for young trees in the 

 nurserv way, and sometimes with hedge-sets, 

 &C. being performed by digging along bv a line, 

 about one spade m width, and planting at the 

 same time ; a line is set ; and then having the 

 plants ready, with a spade begin at one end, and 

 standing side-ways to the line, throw out a spit 

 or two of earth; which forming a small aperture, 

 another person being ready with the plants, he 

 directly deposits one in the opening, while the 

 digger proceeds with the digging one spade wide, 

 covering the roots of the plants with the earth of 

 the next spit ; and anollicr aperture being 

 thus formed, another plant is placed in : the 

 digger, still proceeding, covers its roots, as be- 

 fore, with the next spit of earth ; and so 

 on to the end of the row, placing them at 

 about a foot, or fifteen or eighteen inches 

 asunder, according to the size of the plants. 

 When larger trees with more spreading roots 

 are used, instead of digging the trench only 

 one spade wide, two may probably be requisite 

 for the proper reception of the roots; likewise, 

 in forming the openings for the plants, they 

 should be made large enough to receive the 

 roots freely, digging the earth over them as 

 above. Atter having planted one row of plants, 

 the earth "should be trodden evenly along to set- 

 tle it to the roots, and steady the plants in an 

 upright position. There is another method of 

 this sort of .planting sometimes used for some 

 sorts of roots, such as horse-radish sets, pota- 

 toes, &c. which is performed by conmioa: 



