Q u I 



QUI 



directed for forest- trres in general. See Plan- 

 tation'. 



All the above sorts of trees may be employed 

 to diversify huge ornamental plantations in out- 

 groundsj and in forming elumps in spacious 

 lawns, parks, and other extensive open spaces : 

 the evergreen kinds in particular have great me- 

 rit for all ornamental purposes in pleasure- 

 grounds and plantations. And all the larger 

 growing kinds, both deciduous and evergreens, 

 are highly valuable as forest-trees for timber; but 

 the first sort claims piecedence as a timber-tree, 

 for its proilieious height and bulk, and superior 

 worth of the wood. 



In planting any of the species for ornament 

 or variety in large pleasure-grounds, some may 

 be disposed in assemblage in any continued 

 plantation, some in clumps, and others singly. 



QUICK, a term ajjplicd to signify any sort of 

 young plant, but especially those ofthev.hitc- 

 thorn kind. By it is also often understood a live 

 hedge, of whatever plants composed, in contra- 

 distuiction to a dead hedge, but more properly 

 the shrubs of which such live hedge is formed. 

 In a strict sense it is however applied to the 

 CrafiPgus vryacantha, or Hawthorn, the young 

 plants or sets of which are commonly sold by 

 the nursery-gardeners under the name of Quick. 



In the choice of these sets, those which arc 

 raised in the nursery are in general to be pre- 

 ferred to such as are drawn out of the woods, 

 as the latter have seldom good roots : many per- 

 sons, how ever, prefer them, as they are larger 



plants than are commonly to be had in the 

 nursery. See Crat^gus. 



OUINCUNX, in gardening, is a form of 

 planting in which the trees are planted by fives, 

 four of them forming a square, and tlie fifth 

 placed in the middle, 

 « * 



thus * and may be repeated over and 



* * 

 over in one continued plantation, with as many 



trees in several ranges as niav be proper. It was 



formerly a fashionable mode of planting groves 



and other regular plantations. It is sc'en more 



fully below : 



******** 

 * * * * * * * 



******** 



Something of this mode of arrangement has 

 always a good effect in the disposition of shrub- 

 bery-plants, &c., though not in the regular or- 

 der ot it, but something nearly so, which gives 

 the shrubs a greater scope of growth, and shows 

 them to greater advantage. It is likewise a 

 mode of planting that is proper in the kitchen- 

 garden, in transplanting many kinds of esculent 

 plants ; such as lettuces, endive, strawberries, 

 and even all ihe cabbage kinds, and many other 

 plants, which gives them a greater scope to grow 

 than if planted exactly square at the same di- 

 stance from each other. 



PUICKEN TKEE. See Sorbus. 



QUhNCETKEE. Sec Pyrus Cydoma. 



R A C 



R A C 



RACEPv, a name afiplied to a sort of sward- 

 cuttcr, or cutting implement used in racing 

 out orcuttint; through the surface of grass sward, 

 and dividing it into proper widths, lengths, and 

 thickne:-s, tor turf intended to be cut up for lay- 

 ing in pleasure-grounds, and always necessary 

 preparatory to thfi work of flaying or cutting up 

 the turt with the turfing- iron, ll is also useful 

 for cutting and straightening the edges of grass 

 verges m such grounds. 



It is a simple tool, consisting of a strong 

 wooden handle about four feel long, having the 

 cutter fixed at the lower end in the form of a 

 half moon with the edge downward, to cut into 

 the sward j the handle should be about an inch 



and half thick, growing gradually thicker to- 

 wards the lower end. See Plate on Implk- 



MENTS. 



In using it is pushed forward so as to cut or 

 race out the sward in an expeditious manner. 



In cutting turfs with it, it is necessary first to 

 mark out on the sward the width of the turf in- 

 tended, which should generally be a foot wide 

 and a yard long, and about an inch or inch and 

 a half deep ; then strain a line tiglit, first length- 

 ways, striking the racer into the sward close to 

 the line, running it along expeditiously so as to 

 cut its way, and divide the sward to a proper 

 depth, afterwards placing the line a foot further, 

 and racing it out as before, and so oa to as many 



