RUB 



The species are: 1. R. idceus, Raspberiy; C. 

 B. ocddevtolh, \\vg\m&n Raspberry; 3. E.odo- 

 ralMS, Flowering Raspberry ; 4. B. Jruticosjis, 

 ComiTinii Branr!)Ie ; 5. R. Iiispidus, Bristly 

 Bramble; 6. R. ccesii/.i, Dewberry Bramble ; 7- 

 R. ardicus. Dwarf Crimson Bramble; 8. R. 

 Chamamorus, Mountain Bramble, or Cloud- 



bcrrv. 



The first has the stems suffriiticose, biennial, 

 uprieht, round, aculeatc-hispicl, or thick set 

 with small prickles, two feet high ; they produce 

 fruit the second year, after which they lie down. 

 The leaflets rhomb ovate, acute, marked with 

 lines, unequally serrate, white underneath. The 

 petioles pubescent, prickly. The peduncles his- 

 pid. The flowers in panicles. The fruit red, 

 grateful to the smell and taste, deciduous, bristly 

 with the permanent styles placed upon a conical 

 receptacle. It is a native of many parts of Eu- 

 rope' flowering in May and .lune. 



The varieties are: the Red-fruited, the White- 

 fruited, the Twice-bearing, of which the first 

 crop ripens in July, and the second in October, 

 those of the latter season having seldom much 

 flavour; the Smooth Raspberry, and the large 

 Antwerp. The sorts mostly cultivated, accord- 

 ing to Mr. Forsyth, are : the Early White, the 

 Double-bearing White, the Large Common 

 White, the Large Red, the Large Red Antwerp, 

 the Large White Antwerp, the Smooth Cane 

 Double-bearing, and the Woodward's New 

 Raspberry. 



The second species rises with purplish stalks, 

 a little higher than the common sort. The leaves 

 are of a lucid green on their upper side, but 

 hoary on their under; their font-stalks are taper; 

 the fruit is of a deep black when ripe, has little 

 flavour, and ripens late in autumn. It is a na- 

 tive of North America, flowering in May and 

 June. It varies with a red fruit, more acid and 

 pleasant than the European Raspberry. 



The third has a perennial creeping root. The 

 stems many, from four to seven feet high, about 

 the size of a man's little finger, covered with a 

 smooth bark of a light brown colour, and 

 •branching out a little towards the top. The 

 leaves six inches long and seven inches broad, 

 cut into three, four, or five angular lobes, end- 

 ino- in acute points, serrate, having several veins 

 arising from the midrib, running upwards, di- 

 verging towards the borders, deep green above, 

 but light green and smooth beneath ; on foot- 

 stalks four inches long, coming out alternately. 

 The flowers in loose terminating bunches, each 

 on a long peduncle. Petals large, roundish, of 

 a light purple colour. The fruit is rarely pro- 

 duced here ; but in North America, its native 

 couiitry, it is like the common Raspberry, only 



RUB 



not so pleasant. It flowers from Juye to Sep^ 

 tcmbftr. 



The fourth species has very long, trailing, or 

 rather arching, woody stems, of a purplish hue ; 

 tough, with the angles strongly marked, and the 

 prickles hooked. The leaves quinate, or some- 

 times ternate ; leaflets somewhat elliptical, dou- 

 bly-serrate, acute, dark-green and shining above, 

 white and downy beneath ; but sometimes thp 

 under side is merely liairy and of a paler green. 

 All the leaflets are petioled ; and the petioles are 

 pricklv. The stipules bristle-shaped. Tlie pa- 

 nicles many-flowered, subracemed, tomentose. 

 The fruit of a dark violet colour, with a mawkish 

 sweet taste, composed of very numerous acini or 

 grains. There are several varieties ; but that 

 which is chiefly introduced as a garden slirub is 

 the Double-flowered Bramble. 



The fifth has the steins with long procumbent 

 woody shoots like those of the vine ; these tOf 

 getlier with the petioles have stiff bristles scat- 

 tered over them. The leaflets gash -serrate, the 

 middle one petioled. The peduncles also are 

 hispid. It is a native of Canada, flowering iii 

 August. 



The sixth species has the steins prostrate, 

 round, rooting, pale green with a vivid glaucous 

 tinge : though woodv, they are only annual, or 

 at most biennial. The leaflets gashed and ser- 

 rate, downy (not hoary) beneath : the lateraj 

 leaflets sessile, generally lobed on the outside, 

 of various forms. Stipules lanceolate. The peti- 

 oles downy, prickly, obscurely channelled above. 

 The flowers few together, in terminating, downy, 

 somewhat prickly panicles. The fruit black, 

 w ith a bright blue tinge or bloom, composed of 

 few lartie grains. Its flavour is agreeably acid, 

 without the faint taste of the fourth sort. It is 

 a native of Europe, flowering in June and July. 



The seventh has a creeping root, but no run- 

 ners. The stems are from a hand to a span in 

 height, upright, simple, angular. The leaves 

 unequally serrate, commonly altogether smooth. 

 The flowers solitary, peduncled, terminating, 

 deep rose-coloured, with the petals sometimes 

 jagged. The fruit purple, sweet and fragrant, 

 very pleasant, and, according to Linnreus, al- 

 most as large as a mulberry. It is a native of the 

 North of f^urope. 



The eighth species is a plant of an elegant ap- 

 pearance, with a creeping root, a simple stem, 

 hardly a foot high, upright; mallow-like, but 

 smooth and hardish leaves, petioled, cordate, 

 five-lobed, plaited, wrinkled, unequally serrate. 

 The flowers terminal, peduncled, white; male 

 and female, the former with short abortive pis- 

 tils, the latter with abortive stamens. The ber- 

 ries are of a tawny or dull orange colour, com- 



' 3 A !^ 



