S A R 



S A R 



carpium is a capsule, knglh of the calyx, co- 

 vered, oiic-ct'lkd, oblong : the seeds numerous, 

 snuill : the receptacle free. 



'I'hc species cultivated is S. qffiiinalis, Com- 

 nnHi Suapwort. 



It has a perennial root, striking deep and 

 spreading v\ ide, and creeping by runners: tiie 

 stems a Foot and halt in height, upriiiht, round, 

 rigid, jointed, smooth, often reddish, panicled 

 at to]) : the leaves opposite, connate, quite en- 

 tire, three-nerved, smooth: tiie panicle hemi- 

 spherical, many-flowered, bracteolate: the co- 

 rolla flesii-coloured or rose-coloured, varying to 

 white, smelling sweet : the petals entire, crowned 

 at the throat : the seeds blackish, with a granu- 

 lated surface. It is a native of the Southern 

 paits of Europe, flowering from July to ocp- 

 tember. 



There are two varieties : as with double flovvers, 

 which is preserved in gardens, but has the same 

 fault with the single one, of spreading very much 

 at the root. 



The hollow-leaved, in which the roots do not 

 spread like those of the common sort : the stalks 

 are shorter, thicker, and do not grow so erect -^ 

 they rise a foot or more in height ; the joints 

 are very near and sweUing : the leaves are pro- 

 <luced singly on the lower part of the stalks, but 

 towards the top they are often placed by pairs; 

 they are about three inches long and two broad, 

 havinsr several longitudinal veins or plaits, and 

 are hollowed like a ladle: the flowers are dis- 

 posed loosely on the top of the stalk, have large 

 cylindrical calyxes, only one petal, and scarcely 

 any visible stamens j they are of a purple colour, 

 and appear in July. 



Culture. — These plants are readily increased 

 by parting the roots, and planting them out 

 either in the aufimin or early sprinti; : the hol- 

 low-leaved variety may likewise be raised from 

 slips or cuttings planted at the same seasons. It 

 should have a cirv situation, where the air is good. 



The double sort affords variety in the borders 

 and oihiT parts, and the hollow-leaved variety 

 is useful for ornamenting rock-work. 



SARKACENIA, a genus containing plants 

 of the herbaceous perennial kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Pohfnndrla 

 Monogynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Stirculiint (e . 



The characters are : that the calyx is a double 

 perianth ; lower three-leaved : leaflets ovate,, 

 very small, deciduous; upper five-leaved ; leaflets 

 subovate, very large, coloured, deciduous : the 

 corolla has five ovate petals, bent in, covering 

 the stamens : claws ovate-oblong, straight: the 

 Stamina have numerous small filaments ; anthers 

 simple : the pistillum is a roundish gcrui : style 



cylindrical, very short: stigma ciypeate, peltate, 

 five-cornered, covering the stamens, permanent: 

 the pericarpium is a roundish tive-eelled capsule ; 

 the seeds numerous, roundish, acuminate, small. 



The species are: 1. S. Jiaua, Yellow Side- 

 saddle Flower ; ii. S. iJiirfjureu, Purple Side- 

 saddle Flower. 



The Hrst has the leaves near three feet high, 

 small at the bottom, but widening gradually to 

 the top ; they are hollow, and arched over at the 

 mouth like a friar's cowl : the flowers grow ou 

 naked pedicels, rising from the root to the 

 height of three feet, and are of a green colour,. 

 It IS a native of Carohna, Virginia, See. flower- 

 ing in June and July.. 



The second species has a strong fibrous root, 

 which strikes deep into the soft eartti, from whicii 

 arise five, six, or seven leaves, in proportion to; 

 the strength of the plant; these are about five 

 or six inches long, hollow like a pitcher, narrow, 

 at their base, but swell out large at the top ;, 

 their outer sides are rounded, but on their inner 

 side they are a little compressed, and have a 

 broad leafy border running longitudinallv the 

 whole length of the tube ; and to the rounded 

 part of the leaf there is on the top a large ap- 

 pendage or ear standing erect, of a brownish 

 colour ; this surrounds the outside of the leaves 

 about two thirds of the top, it is eared at both 

 ends, and waved round the border : from the 

 centre of the root, between the leaves, arises a 

 strong, round, naked footstalk, about a foot 

 high, sustaining one nodding flow^er at tiie top : 

 the lea'iets of the upper calyx are obtuse, and 

 bent over the corolla, so as to cover the inside of 

 it; they are of a purple colour on the outside, 

 but green within, only having purple edges : the 

 petals are of a purple colour, and hollowed like 

 a spoon. It is a native of most parts of North 

 America, in boggy situations. 



Culture. — As these plants grow naturally iu 

 soft boggy situations, they are raised with diffi- 

 culty here. The best mode is to procure them 

 from the places of their natural growth, and to 

 have tlKiu taken up with, larsje balls of earth to 

 their roots, and planted in tubs of earth ; they 

 should be constantly watered during their pasi- 

 sage, otherwise they decay before they arrive : 

 as there is little probability of raising these 

 plants from seeds,, so as to produce flowers in 

 many years, if the seeds should even grow, young, 

 plants should be taken up for this purpose, as 

 they are more likely to stand than those which 

 have flowered two or three times. When the 

 plants are brought over, they should be planted 

 into pretty laree prits, which should be filled 

 with soft spongy earth, mixed with rotten wood, 

 moss, and turf, which is very like the natural 



