T A M 



TAN 



autumn, or by planting cuttings in an east bor- 

 der, which will take root in a short time, if they 

 are supplied with waler in the spring, before 

 they begin to shoot in dry weather; but they 

 should not be removed until the following au- 

 tumn, at which time they may be either placed 

 in a nursery to be trained up two or three year?, 

 or where they are designed to remain, mulching 

 their roots, and watering them according as 

 the season requires, until they have taken root ; 

 after which, the onlv culture they will require, 

 is to prune off the straggling shoots, and keep, 

 the ground clean about them. 



The layer method is not only tedious but im- 

 necessary, as the cuttings grow readily, and 

 the layers often will not strike at all. The 

 cuttings should be of the last summer's shoots, 

 and a nioist border is most proper for them. In 

 two years they will be good plants for the shrub- 

 bery, and may. be planted out in almost any 

 soil, though tiiey like a light moist earth best, 

 especially "the latter sort, which grows naturally 

 in low watery situations. 



They are very ornamental in the shrubbery 

 borders, clumps, and other parts of grounds. 



TAMUS, a genus furnishing plants of the 

 hardy herbaceous climbing perennial kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Dioetia Hex- 

 andria, and ranks in the natural order of Sar- 

 mentacees. 



The characters are : that in the male, the calyx 

 is a six-parted perianth: leaflets ovate-lanceo- 

 late, spreading more at top : there is no corolla: 

 the stamina have six simple filaments, shorter 

 than the calyx; anthers erect: female — calyx 

 a one-leafed perianth, six-parted, bell-shaped, 

 spreading: segments lanceolate, superior, de- 

 ciduous : the corolla petals none : nectaries an 

 oblong point, fastened internally to each calycine 

 segment at the Ijase : the pistillum is an ovate- 

 oblong germ, large, smooth, inferior : style 

 cylindrical, length of the calyx : stigmas three, 

 reflexed, emarginate, acute : the pericarpium is 

 an ovate berry, three-celled: the seeds two, 

 globular. 



The species are : 1. T. Communis, Common 

 Black Bryony; 2. T. cretica, Cretan Black 

 Bryony. 



The first has a very large tuberous root, 

 blackish externally, whence its old Latin and 

 English names : the stems smooth, twining 

 about every thing in their way, atul thus ascend- 

 ing, without the aid of tendrils, to the height of 

 ten or twelve feet in hedges or among bushes, 

 which their festoons of tawny leaves and red 

 berries decorate in autumn : the leaves alternate, 

 petioled, smooth and shining, quite entire ; the 

 nerves rabed beneath, varying from kidney- to 



heart-shaped, heart-spear-shaped, triangular 

 spear-shaped, snd eveir halhert-shapcd : the 

 flowers greenish, in iu;)g racemes or bunches 

 from the side of the stalks, appearing in June; 

 the barren and fertile ones on separate ru.';ts, It 

 is a native of Europe. 



The second species has a rounder root than 

 the other: the stalks twine in the same manner; 

 but the principal diti'ereuce consists in the leaves 

 being divided into three lo'oes. It was discovered 

 in the island of Crete or Candia. 



Cut/lire. — These plants are readily increased 

 by sowing the seeds soon after they are ripe under 

 the shelter of bushes, where, in the spring, the 

 plants will come up, and require no further care; 

 or in beds to be afterwards planted out. The 

 roots will abide many years, and sometimes send 

 up suckers, from which plants may be raised by. 

 setting them out in the autumn or spring where 

 they are to remain. 



They are useful in thickets and wilderness parts, 



TAN. See Bark. 



TANACETUM, a genus furnishing plants of 

 the herbaceous and shrubby perennial kinds. 



It belongs to the class and order Sijngtiwsia- 

 Polygamia Superflua, and ranks in the natural 

 order of CompositcB Discoidecs. 



The characters are : that the calyx is common i 

 hemispherical, imbricate: scales acute, com- 

 pact : the corolla compound tubular, convex : 

 corollets hermaphrodite numerous, tubular, in 

 the disk ; females some in the ray : proper of 

 the hermaphrodite funnel-form ; with a five-cleft 

 reflexed border : female trifid, more deeply di- 

 vided inwardly : the stamina in the hermaphro- 

 dites : iflaments five, capillary very short : an- 

 ther cylindric, tubular: the pistillum in the 

 hermaphrodites germ ob'ong, small : style fili- 

 form, length of the stamens : stigma bifid, re- 

 volute; in the females germ oblong: stvle sim- 

 ple: stigmas two, reflexed : there is no pericar- 

 pium : calyx unchanged: the seeds solitary, 

 oblong: down slightly margined : the receptacle 

 convex, naked. 



The species cultivated are : 1 , T. vulgare. 

 Common Tansy; 2. T. anmium. Annual Tansy; . 

 3. T. Buhamila, Cost-mary ; 4. T. Sihiricmn, . 

 Siberian Tansy; 5. T. suffriiticosum, Shrubby 

 Tansv ; G.T.JlahelUfonae, Fan-leaved Tansy. 



The first has a fibrous creeping root, which 

 will spread to a great distance: the herb is bitter, 

 and has a strong aromatic smell : the stems up- 

 right, two feet high, (in a garden from two to 

 almost four feet,) leafy, round, striated, scarcely 

 hairy: the leaves alternate, deep green, acutely 

 cut, smooth, or somewhat hairy beneath, eared 

 at the base, embracing: pinnules lanceolate 

 deeply and acutely serrate: the flowers are ia- 



