U L M 



U L M 



The second species is much lower than the Ehn ; 2. U. siiherosa, Dutch Elm ; 3. U. vion- 



common sort, with decumbent branches: llie tana, Broad-leaved Ehii, or Wych-Hasel ; 4. fJ. 



spines horizontal or partly deflexed : the bractes Americava, American Elm: 5. U. vcmoralis, 



verv small, brown, often scarcely apparent, Hornbeam-leaved Elm; 6. U. pum'du. Dwarf 



pressed close to the calyx : the calyx more silky Elm. 



and less tomentosc, with the teeth verv con- 

 spicuous, deeply cut and distant : corolla little 

 lunger than the calyx, of a less llannng colour; 

 lea;ume rough- haired. It is found with the 

 other chieily on dry elevated heaths, but by no 



The first is a great, high tree. The bark of 

 the young trees and the boughs of the older 

 trees are smooth and very tough, and will strip 

 or peel from the wood a great length without 

 breaking: the bark of the body of the old tree, 



cans so o-eneral ; flowering from August to as tlie trees grow in bigness, tears or rcmls, 



m 

 October 



The third has a woody and hard stem, covered 

 with a greenish bark when young, but after- 

 wards Ijeeomes grayish : the branches slender 

 and woody. It has not produced any flowers in 



which makes it very rough. 



The innermost 

 wood is of a reddish yellow, or brownish colour, 

 and curled ; and after it is dry, very tough and 

 hard to cleave. The wood next the bark or sap 

 is white. Before the leaves come forth, the 

 this climate. It is a native of the Cape, where flowers appear, about the end of Maich, grow- 

 it usuallv sirows to the height of five or six feet, ing on the twigs orbranches, closely compacted 

 Culture' — These plants maybe inereaseJ froin or thrust together, of a red colour ; after which 



seeds. These in the first sort should be sown 

 in the autumn or spring, in any light mould, 

 where the plants are to remain. They are like- 

 wise sometimes sown in drills in nursery- 

 beds, to be transplanted afterwards while very 



come flat seeds, more long than broad, for the 

 most part falling away before, or shortly after 

 the leaves spring forth, btit some hang on a great 

 part of the summer : the leaves dark green, the 

 middle-sized ones two inches broad and three 



young; but the first is the better practice, inches long, rough or harsh on boili sideSj in- 



as they do not remove well. Hedges of this dented about the edges, and many tunes crum- 



plant are best raised by sowing them in drills an pled, having a nerve in the middle, and many 



mch deep where they'arc to remain. smaller nerves growing from it, on one side 



In the second and third sorts the seed should always longer than on the other. It is a native 



be obtained from abroad, and be sown in pots of Europe and Barbary. 



of fine mould, plunging them in the hot-bed; There is a variety called the Narrow-leaved 



when the plants are up a few inches in height, Elm, which is like the other, but much less 



they should be removed into separate small pots, and lower : the leaves are usually about two 



being afterwards managed as other shrubs of the inches and a half long, and an inch or an inch 



and quarter broad ; indented about the edges, 

 and having one side longer than the other, and 

 being harsh on both sides like the other. It is 

 called in the imrseries, the English Elm. It is 

 stated by Dr. Smith, as the opinion of Mr. 

 Crowe, that this is the origin of all the culti- 



grcen-house kind. 



The last sort is difficult to raise, either by 

 layers or cuttings. 



The first sort and varieties afford ornament in 

 shrubberies, ai\d the two latter among potted 

 plants of the green house kind. 



ULMUS, "a "-enus containing plants of the vated varieties : and Miller says there are seve- 



deciduous timber-tree kind. ral other varieties, but not worth noticing; 



It belongs to the class and order Petifandrin among these is that with variegated or blotched 



D'lsynia, and ranks in the natural order of leaves. Gilpin also makes mention of the Weep- 



■Scalrldce. ing Elm. 



The characters are : that the calvx is a on?- The second species is chiefly remarkable for 

 leafed perianth, turbinate, wrinkled: border its quick growth, and fungous rough bark : the 

 five-cleft, erect, coloured within, permanent: leaves are very large, and harsh on both sides, 

 there is no corolla : the stamina have five fila- not so unecpial at the base as the others: t^>e 

 uients, {sometimes four or eight,) awl-shaped, flowers, according to Schkuhr and Willdenow, 

 ■ twice as long as the calyx : anthers four-groov- have only four stamens. It ia a native of Eu- 

 rope, and is often called the Cork-barked or 

 the Dutch Ehn, as it was introduced from Hol- 

 land at the beginning of king William's reign: 

 the wood is ol very inferior quality. 



The third has the bark of the branchlets 

 snujoth and even : the leaves are wider than in 



ed, erect, short: the pietillum is an orbicular 

 germ, erect: styles two; shorter than the sta- 

 mens, reflexed : stigmas pubescent : the peri- 

 carpium is an oval berry, large, jniceless, com- 

 pres'^ed, membranaecous-winged, one-celled : 

 the seed one, roundish, slightly eimipressed 



The species are : 1. U. campcstiis. Common the preceding, less harsh, and acununate : tb« 



