EESULTS OF AMALGAMATION. 233 



a broad and vigorous manhood. And sncli seem ever to 

 be the results of a blending of races. The objector may- 

 point to the Anglo-Saxon, as an instance of a people of 

 acknowledged intellectual energy springing from an unex- 

 ampled commingling. But we must draw a distinction 

 between what are popularly termed races and the varie- 

 ties, or branches, of these. The blending of varieties of 

 the same race is always attended with elevatory results ; 

 and it was only in accordance with this law that the union 

 of the obstinate firmness of the native Briton with the 

 imjjulsive energy of the Teutonic tribes gave birth to 

 that mental strength characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon. 

 But the amalgamation of the races, as the Latin with the 

 Indian, or the Indian with the African, presents less satis- 

 factory results. The labor and triumph of the race con- 

 stitutino: the leadincf civilization of the world will be in 

 pi'eserving and lifting to its own level less favored ones, 

 while maintaining uncontaminated all its own intellectual 

 expression and energy. How is this to be secured ? His- 

 tory tells us that, in the presence of a strong people, a 

 weaker one will be crushed out in the strife for existence, 

 imless beneath the selfish shield of slavery, or preserved 

 by amalgamation. Recourse again to the first alternative, 

 in order to secure from extinction an inferior race in the 

 fierce struggle for life, can never be hael ; when we speak 

 of the second, the experience of South-American civiliza- 

 tion leads us to hesitate. Amalgamation, such as we ob- 

 serve in almost every Hispano-American city, produces 

 equality ; but chiefly at the expense of the elevatory 

 power, by pulling down the higher, not by lifting the 

 lower.* This problem of the races presents a question as 

 interesting to the ethnologist as important to the j^hilan- 



* " The hybrid between white and Indian, called Mammeluco in Bra- 

 zil, is pallid, effeminate, feeble, lazy, and rather obstinate ; though it 

 seems as if the Indian influence had only gone so far as to obliterate the 



