HARMONY OF DETERMINISM AND FREEDOM 349 



release we must show that our means preserves 

 in God the two great offices which our religious con- 

 sciousness demands — demands with much vagueness 

 of meaning, no doubt, but which it strives at least 

 somehow to name in the words " regeneration " and 

 "creation." We are in sincerity bound, too, to show 

 that our explanation by Final Cause, for the sake of 

 saving undiminished freedom, is not at the expense 

 of Christian monotheism. We must make it ingenu- 

 ously clear that the world of free persons, subsistent 

 in eternity, is not open to the charge of polytheism, 

 and, still more, not to that of atheism. 



These charges, it is worth while to observe, are not 

 new. They have, to be sure, been recently pressed 

 with much emphasis by Professor Royce in his "Sup- 

 plementary Essay" in TJie Conception of God} but 

 they have been brought against pluralism, against 

 the system of manifold free-agency, ever since the 

 day when the great Leibnitz first sketched its out- 

 lines in his midsummer-night's dream of monads and 

 the Monad of monads. He too was accused of ren- 

 dering God superfluous ; and the innuendo was not 

 omitted, that he had annexed God to his system for 

 diplomatic reasons — from motives of "economy." 

 Even his admiring American translator, the late 

 honoured Dr. Frederic Henry Hedge, pilloried the 

 Monadologie in most dubious company, in his volume 



^See The ConcepHott of God, pp. 275, 321. 



