-4- 



orchard crops than any of the wettable sulfurs, due to direct absorption 

 of the suluble thiosulfates and pnlysulfide from the undried spray filia. 

 When line-sulfur, liquid or dry, is used several times a year, and year 

 after year, tree growth is stunted and yields fall off rapidly. 



In addition to its highly effective protective action against 

 apple scab, lime-sulfur is also oradicative, killing out the fungus in leaf 

 spots, but not in fruit spots. It is also effective in preventing scab 

 infections when applied as long as 50 to 70 hours after the beginning of 

 the infection rain. Four pounds of dry lime-sulfur contain approximately 

 the same amount of total aulfur as 1 gallon of 32'^ Baume liquid, but less 

 of the caustic, soluble forms of sulfur, Henoe dry line-sulfur 8 lbs, - 

 100 is a weaker eradicant fungicide (ind somewhat safer as regard plant injury 

 than liquid lime-sulfur 2 gal, -100. 



3, Best Use on Apples ; One© or tr/ice during the season, if needed, 

 as on emergency spray"]! (1) applied after an infection rain to on orchard 

 that was unprotected before and durin^, th« rain, for the purpose of heading- 

 off oj- preventing infection; (2) in a cover spray to burn out scab spots 

 on the foliage, in case a safer eradiqant is not available. 



0. C, Boyd 



GETTING ALONG VJ'ITii9PT I&OK CARBAi\'IATE 



Due to the extreme shortage of iron carbamate this spring many 

 apple grov/ers who intended to use Formate or Karbam will be disappointed, 

 A few v/ere fortunate to carry over or to purchase early in the winter a 

 supply only while others are likely not to obtain any at all* The follov;ing 

 are suggestions for courses that aight be follov^ed where (1) a limited 

 supply of iron carbamate is on hand, and (2) where none is obtainable. 



For Limited Supp ly of Iron Carbamate , Use it either (1) on rust- 

 susceptible varieties such as l//oalthy, Rome, Delicious, Cortland, Twenty 

 Ounce, or (2) on Delicious and Baldwin to reduce fruit russet, ^r (3) for 

 Brooks' spot control in Wagener, Delicious, Baldwin, etc. F'^r rust control, 

 use at partial strength (^ lb, -100 plus half-concentration of sulfur) except 

 on Delicious use 1 lb, -100 — at pink, mid-bloom, calyx and first cover. 

 For russet control, 1 -g- - 100 v/ithout su^lfur is suggested through the 

 second oover spray, followed by sulfur in later covers. For Brooks' spot 

 and bitter rot control, use 1^ to 2-100 in the second, third and fourth 

 covers following an earlier program of sulfur or other fungicide. 



Last preference for a limited supply would be for scab control in 

 Mcintosh and other highly susceptible varieties — at ■§■ to 3/4 lb, -100 

 plus half-strength wettable sulfur, notably in the early sprays up to 

 and including the first cover. It is impossible to j-eplace iron carbamate 

 for control of cedar-apple and quince rusts, and difficult to make a sub- 

 stitution for controlling fruit jrusset. Brooks' spot and bitter rot. However, 



