-3- 



material may be used as the fungicide. In fact, blood albumin (2 ounces actual 

 blood albumin or l/2 pound commercial material per lOO) is recommended for use along 

 with the Bordeaux mixture in New York where some 75-80^9 of the apple growers tank- 

 mixed superior oils in 1948 for delayed-dormant and late delayed-dormant applica- 

 tions. 



If they know you are interested soon enough, I am certain that your dealers 

 v/ill cooperate lOO^j in making sure that they can supply you with commercial blood 

 albumin and with straight, paraffinic-base oils having the recommended specifications 

 and at prices allov;ing for real savings. Some 6 or 8 oil producers and refiners 

 had regular and superior paraffinic-base oils available in 1948, Prepared miscible 

 and emulsible oil products made from superior oils are available if you desire them. 



You may have been told taiik-mixing requires extra time and is inconvenient. 

 Here are some facts. 



Tank-mixed oil emulsions may be prepared in any conventional type of spray 

 rig now in use in Massachusetts orchards including the speed sprayer. Besides 

 adding the emulsifier, just three operations are involved which are not necessary 

 with prepared miscible oils and some oil emulsions but which would improve and 

 safen the use of oil sprays if practiced where most oil emulsions and all emulsible 

 oils are employed. They are: (1) shutting off the water after from 10-15 gallons 

 — never more — are in the tank (2) pumping the mixture of v;ater, emulsifier and 

 straight oil through the pump and back into itself, preferably through a gun or 

 broom for at least one minute — (1-|- to 2 minutes if you guess at it) -- this makes 

 a good time to fill and light the pipe (3) turning on the water again to fill up 

 the tank. In other words 2 minutes is all the extra time that need be required to 

 prepare a load of tank-mixed oil emulsion. 



Complete directions for, and demonstrations of, tank-mixing oils viill be 

 available in 1949 through your County Extension Service, Complete specifications 

 for the regular type (minimum values of 28 gravity and 75 imsulfonated residue) 

 and superior type paraffinic-base oils as drawn up by Doctors P, J, Chapman and 

 G. 17, Pierce of Cornell University will be available early in the fall, 



— Ellsv^orth H, ViTieeler 



******************* 



THE ABC's OF FIRS PREVENTION 



In a recent farm survey 81^:i of tiie farmers v/ere found to be tolerating 

 dangerous fire hazards which <jould be easily remedied, according to 7i'. C, Harrington, 

 farm safety engineer. Fire prevention and fire protection begin v/ith fundamentals, 

 but many farmers do not realize that there are three basic types of fires and that 

 each should be handled in a different v/ay. 



Class A fires involve v/ood, trash , paper and other combustibles and can be 

 fought effectively with soda-acid extinguishers . Class B fires are grease , oil , 

 and gasoline fires and should be smothered v;ith carbon dToxide, foam or vapori zing 

 liquid extinguishers . Class C fires are electrical fires and shoul'd be controlled 

 with carbon dioxide , or vaporizing liquid extinguishers. If possible, the current 

 should be shut off. In all cases, extinguishers approved by the Undenf>rr iters ' 

 Laboratories should be used. Failure to appreciate the ABC fundamentals of fire 

 costs farmers an estimated 4^90,000,000 viforth of property and kills approximately 

 3,500 people on farms each year. 



