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at any time but favorable conditions this year are causing the Two-spotted Mite 

 to appear in serious numbers earlier than usual. There is still time this season 

 for several generations of both European Red Mite and the Two-spotted Mite. To 

 control the former now requires two successive sprays not more than 10-days apart 

 regardless of v;hat material is used. Since the Two-spotted Mite may complete a 

 generation in even less time the interval should be reduced to 6 or 7 days (or h to 

 5 when temperatures are really high) where this pest is the major problem. Red- 

 banded Leafroller moths of the first generation are now active and are laying eg^;.-3 

 for the second and most destructive brood. First hatching of second brood larvae 

 may be expected about July 12 or 15 this year and will continue on into early 

 August. Tvro spray applications will be needed to control this pest — the first, 

 shortly after the first hatching occurs and a second when hatching is nearly com- 

 plete or about 10 to 12 days after the first. 



Materials - Of the standard recommended materials, lead arsenate has a longer- 

 lasting effect upon Maggot and Red-banded Leafroller (second brood) than does DDT. 

 Against Codling Moth the DDT is much more effective than arsenate. 'Miere no 

 special problem exists the 2-2-100 formula for the combination, or the 3-100 if ; 

 lead arsenate is used alone, should provide adequate control of these pests if one 

 assumes a thorough coverage of fruit and undersides of the foliage. 



Parathion caused spotting of fruit on Mcintosh and Cortland in both New York and 

 Michigan in 19ii8 when used in July or early August treatments above l/2 po-und of 

 15^' wettable powder to 100 gallons. At this concentration Parathion should 

 control Mites, Bud Moth, and nevily hatch ed Red-banded Leafroller. It will reduce 

 Apple Maggot flies and Godling'lJoth but protection against them will not extend 

 beyond a week. So far as ±o knovm Parathion may be used on other varieties at 

 concentrations of 1 or 1^ pounds of the l^f> wettable powder with correspondingly 

 greater effectiveness, 



Dichl ^ro d ipheny l dichloroe th ane or DDD or TDE is particularly effective against 

 Red-'oanded Leafroller and is recommended as a substitute for DDT wherever this 

 pest is a problem. DDD is about like lead arsenate for Codling Moth and similar 

 to DDT against Ma.c^got. DDD will control older Red-banded Leafroller larvae and 

 thus may be used to clean up an infestation that seems to be getting out of hand. 

 DDD is not effective against Mites. 



DDD should be used at 1 pound of actual toxicant as a powder and at 1/2 lb. 

 in liquids and is available in both wettable powder and liquid formulations. There 

 is some evidence that the liquid formulation penetrates the v/ebs better and there- 

 fore is more effective. It has the disadvantage of giving greater residues at 

 harvest. Also there is a greater possibility of encountering injury to foliage or 

 fruit owing to incompatibilities between liquids in the formulations and materials 

 such as sulfur. The $0% wettable powders used at 2 lbs, to 100 gallons will control 

 the Leafroller and lessen the danger of excessive residues at harvest time. If 

 mites or aphids or both are problems at the time the Red-banded Leafroller starts 

 to hatch, then Parathion used as indicated above, may be the logical material to 

 include in a mid-July spray. This could be either the first or second application 

 of the two needed for mite control. Omit the DDT if Parathion is employed, but 

 include the lead arsenate for longer-lasting effectiveness. Vihere neither the Red- 

 banded Leafroller nor Bud Moth are problems, TEPP or the simmer DN's might well be 

 used to control mites. DDD should prove far more effective than Parathion when 

 used in a late July or early August spray against Red-banded Leafroller. 



— Ellsworth H. Vjheeler 

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