-3- 



of cold storage and hold them at room temperature for U or 5 days to see if scald is 

 beginning to show up. This might be done every 2 weeks after the first of December. 



Baldwin Spot is most serious on large apples. Trees that have been heavily 

 pruned or fertilized vdth nitrogen are most susceptible to it. This' disorder has 

 already been seen this fall in soiae orchards. It tends to become more severe in 

 storage. Unfortunately, there is no first rate control for this disorder. However, 

 if one maintains a high relative humidity in storage (90-9^^) its appearance can be 

 delayed. 



Influence of nitrogen on the condition of apples; It is commonly knol^^n that 

 when one fertilizes heavily with nitrogen that the apples from such trees tend to have 

 poor color. Such apples have a greener ground color and look more immature than 

 fruits on trees vfhich are lower in nitrogen. However, these green apples on high 

 nitrogen trees are actually softer than less green looking fruits on the lower 

 nitrogen trees. In fact, they may be as much as a pound softer at harvest time. 

 Consequently, high nitrogen apples are not the best ones for long storage. This is 

 another reason for being careful about the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to 

 trees. 



— F. 'M, Southwick 



FIRE PROTECTION ON FARI.IS 



Fires on farm property may be and often are of disastrous proportions. Many 

 of these farm fires are of a crippling nature in that the 'operations are halted for 

 long periods of time and sometimes permanently. This usually means that the income 

 stops until the business is resumed. 



Vifhile the loss of income for periods of six months to one year is serious 

 particularly if the owner has outstanding notes, mortgages or other forms of debt, 

 ":he capital losses of buildings, equipment and crops is infintely more serious and 

 nay be of such magnitude that the owner must seek another farm with appropriate 

 buildings, suffer considerable inconvenience or reconstruct his buildings at a time 

 vrhen building costs are the highest in history. 



Some owners who have never experienced a severe loss by fire are content to 

 relax their vigilance, thinking they are fully protected by insurance. Such protec- 

 tion is excellent as far as it goes, but few if any property owners are fully 

 compensated for their financial losses, inconveniences, troubles, worry, and extra 

 work occasioned by a fire. 



Often times lives are lost in a fire. These may be children or aged members of 

 the family particularly if the fire occurs in the dwelling at night,- house pets, or 

 it may be a herd of cows or poultry flock particularly where the owner has two or 

 more projects. Even when the payments for lives lost are high, the torture, anguish 

 and suffering, occasioned can never be translated into money. 



Fires can be prevented only by constant vigilance . Vifhen planning new buildings 

 or remodeling old ones much can be done to lessen the fire hazard, and thereby lower 

 the insurance rates. Among them, are; 



1, Locate the structure if possible on a hard road accessible to travel at all 

 times of the year. If the building is within 500 feet of a hydrant and within 3 miles 

 of a Fire Department there is a reduction in the insurance i-ate. There is also a 

 credit if the structure is witliin 1000 feet of a hydrant and 5 miles of a fire 



