-h- 



department. A convenient and accessible water hole nearby may not only help in 

 saving a building but may prevent a conflagration. 



2. Buildings should be separated from each other by at least SO feet. Closely 

 grouped or attached structures are a greater hazard. Incombustible and fire resis- 

 tant building materials for floors, walls and roof coverings reduce the hazard from 

 fire. If there is a stove or heating plant the furnace room should be made or lined 

 with incombustible material and the chimney should have a clay flue lining. Tile and 

 unapproved metal chimneys should be eliminated. Unattended heating plants increase 

 the hazard. Smoking should be prohibited and "No Sooking" signs posted conspicuously 

 throughout the premises. A garden hose of sufficient length to reach all parts of 

 the premises and at all times connected to an approved water supply is an inexpensive 

 form of protection. Buildings should be adequately and safely wired by a licensed 

 electrician and the work should be iiispected periodically. A telephone should be 

 provided if for no other reason than for protection. Lightning protective systems 

 are advisable in rural areas particularly for tall, large, isolated structures 

 located on elevated sites as on a hill or knoll and in areas where lightning storms 

 are frequent and severe . 



— V/, C. Harrington 



BRUSH REI.IOVAL 



There are several reasons why fruit growers wish to remove hedge rows and 

 other brush around their orchards. Apple growers want to get rid of hibernating 

 quarters for curculio. Peach growers want to get rid of choke cherries. Low bush 

 blueberry growers want to get rid of brush which interferes with picking or serves 

 as congregating quarters for fruit flies. Whatever the reason may be now that the 

 rush of summer work is over is a good time to do something about it. 



In many situations the cheapest and quickest method of brush removal is the 

 bull-dozer. YJhere this is not feasible mowing by machine or by hand is often 

 practiced. This requires little out lay in cash but is expensive in time because 

 the momng must be repeated at least once a year to keep the brush in check. The 

 use of herbicides for brush control offers a method which, although it requires some 

 cash outlay for herbicides 5 is much cheaper in the long run because resprouting is 

 prevented or retarded. The economy of the use of herbicides is attested to by the . ■ 

 fact that many utility companies are turning to herbicides for brush control on 

 thousands of miles of right-of-way. 



There are three tj-pes of herbicidal brush control in general use, the overall 

 summer spray, the basal stem treatment and the cut stump treatment. For the overall 

 s\inimer spray a relatively weak solution of the herbicide in water is sprayed over 

 the foliage of the brush to be controlled. This means high volume spraying and is 

 done only in summer when plants are growing actively. 



The basal stem and cut stump treatments are used in fall and winter when the 

 brush is dormant. For these treatments a hormone brush killer composed of a mixture 

 of 2,I|.-D and 2,ii,5-T in relatively high concentration in oil is generally used. For 

 mixing vdth oil the 2,U-D plus 2,l4.,5-T combination should be in the ester form 

 because the salt and amine forms v/ill not mix with oil. Since the formulas put out 

 by different manufacturers vary, the label on the container should be read and the 

 manufacturer's directions for dilution followed. 



The basal stem treatment is used for brush less than tvro to three inches in 

 diameter. The spray is applied to the base of the brush from ground level to knee 

 height. Spraying should be thorough so that all sides of the brush are wetted and 

 spray runs down onto the crowns. 



