Bud Moth ; This insect is well controlHed by a thorough Dormant ap- 

 plication of DNc It may be handled also with malathion or parathion in a Pre-blocm 

 application. Even minimum concentrations of parathion used in 5"th or 6th Cover 

 will provide complete control of the summer broodc 



"Superior" Oil ; It is advisable to use oil at least once every 

 three years* Many growers are using oil every year and swear by it» The complete 

 omission of oil, every year, may lead to a build-up of San Jose Scale, Also, the 

 lack of oil may hasten the time when you can no longer control red mite mth one of 

 the phosphate materials such as TEPP, malathion or parathion because strains re~ 

 sistant to these materials also develop. It is best to try to kill them in several 

 different wayse 



There is a new wrinkle to consider. If you plan to use the fungicide, captan, 

 to protect against scab early in the season, then the oil spray must be put on be- 

 fore any green tissue is showing in the buds. Leaves may be severely injured if 

 sprayed with oil and then with captan, 



Gypsy Mot h; This insect may be more of a problem in 1955 in many 

 orchards in Worcester, JliSdle sex, Essex arid Berkshire counties* Much depends upon 

 hew soon the Department of Natural Resources sprays woodlands surroimding your 

 orchard if you are in one of the towns where the gypsy moth reached the outbreak 

 stage in 195U. I would suggest that you be ready to include a poimd of DDT-50 in 

 the Pink Spray if there is any evidence that gypsy moth is at a peak or near-peak 

 in your area* 



Red-«Banded Leaf roller ; This insect continues to surprise growers 

 with the amount of damage it does during the 3-U weeks follovdng Petal Fall, To 

 prevent these losses and to reduce the potential for 2nd brood, we are recommending 

 that TDE (DDD) be included with materials ueed against curculio in either the Petal 

 Fall or 1st Cover Sprays, Plase note that with the fungicides, captan and glyodin, 

 only the wettable powder types of TDE are safe, whether it is being used early 

 against 1st brood or late in the season against 2nd brood. 



Plum Curculio ! Dieldrin has provided excellent control of curculio^ 

 The small quantity required, just one-half pound of the S0% powder: in 100 gallons, 

 makes it possible to use dieldrin at a saving even though it is absolutely essential 

 that TDE be used with it at least once and that DDT be added to it when codling 

 moth must be controlled, Dieldrin is very toxic to bees; applications to blossoms 

 of any kind being worked actively by bees should be avoided, Methoxychlor also 

 continues to give outstanding control, but may need TDE added to handle moderate 

 to heavy outbreaks of leafroller. 



Codling Moth : In Massachusetts DDT still seems effective against 

 this pest although reports of rather high resistance in some strains continue to 

 come in from orchard areas to our west. If you have a codling moth problem and 

 are not satisfied v/ith the control being obtained and you are sure that it is not 

 because of poor timing or the lack of coverage, then you may wish to supplement^ 

 the DDT with a pound or more of the 25^ malathion wettable powder as indicated in 

 the 1955 Spray Chart. 



Apple Maggot ; This insect continues to be a seriov® threat. The 

 last several years in particular the appearance of flies late in the season has 

 caused much concern and too much damage. Whether these flies are those which 

 emerge late or whether they are migrants is not well understood, but the fact re- 

 mains they are flies ready to attack our fruit. It seems absolutely essential that . 



