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' FURTIIE.R NOTES ON '^^NTER INJURY 



At the present time, except foi-' some brovming of the sapwood back of the 

 buds, no definite wood injuiy to apple trees have been detected in Massachusetts 

 orchards. Little or no injury has occurred to fruit buds of apples. /j Only in one 

 orchard have v;e found considerable fruit bud injury and that ta^s on Gravensteins . 

 Some of the Gravenstein branches were cut off and placed in water at room temper- 

 ature. It v/as noted that there v:er,e only 3 or U blossoms to a cluster instead of 

 the usual 5-7. 



Sour cherry fruit buds appear to be more vfinter hardy than those/ of sweet 

 cherry, jiany of the fndt buds of sour cherries blossomed when tTdgs cut from 

 trees in the University orchard were placed in water and kept at room temperature. 

 On the other hand none of the.sifireet cherry fruit buds op_ened vfhen the twigs were 

 treated in a similar manner^' / 



In many orchards in Massachusetts, the leaf buds of peach trees appear to 

 have suffered less injury than those in our IMiversity orchard v,rhere temperatures 

 of -22°F, vrere recorded. 



It is reported in the Produce News that some areas of New York may have 

 enough undamaged peach fruit buds for a 1^ to 2^ per cent crop. Other areas vd.ll 

 have no peaches and many trees may not survive. In Monroe and Yifayne Counties in 

 NeiiT York, a few blocks of Baldwin and Greening apples may have some damage, 

 "Damage is to the sap wood back of the buds, A hot or v^arm dry spring would 

 intensify this damage, while a cool, moist spring would minimize it. Some growers 

 fear that fruit may bloom and then drop badly," 



In marry instances the primaiy buds on grapes have been injured but the 

 secondary buds unliarmed. In these cases the secondary buds vd.ll probably grow 

 and may bear a partial crop. 



Grovrers should be on the alert for signs of v/inter injury to fruit trees. 

 Some types of winter injury may not appear until late spring or summer, 



W. J. Lord 



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"FLOATER" INSURANCE 



Originally property insurance coverage was largely "vvritten to cover loss or 

 damage resulting from fire. Later coverage was extended to provide indemnity for 

 losses and damage from other causes. 



To cover losses from many causes particularly on property which might be 

 sometimes located in one place and sometimes in another, a kind of insurance call- 

 ed "inland marine" or "floater" coverage vras developed. Policies of this type 

 adopt a quite different approach to insuring risks from the simple fire insurance 

 policy, 



"Floater" coverage is commonly written to cover all risks and locations vilth 

 relatively few exceptions. 



