during the first five to six years after planting. The purposes of pruning 

 young trees is to train them to a desired form. The time to remove the undesir- 

 able limbs is when they can be pruned with hand pruning shears. To delay the 

 training of young trees until it is necessary to make many saw cuts is to wait 

 too long. 



-— U. J. Lord 



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TWO KINDS OF CLOVER MITES 



Clover mites feed on the foliage of fruit trees and various grasses and 



other plants, and have recently come into prominence as household pests. In 



orchards they are particularly troublesome when applications of DDT are not 

 accompanied by adequate mite-control measures. 



Fruit growers often become alarmed in early spring when they notice 

 millions of clover mites feeding on the orchard cover crops. A few weeks later 

 the mites appear in the trees on the 'mouse-ear' leaves. Recent studies in 

 British Columbia-'- and at the University of Massachusetts^, however, indicate 

 that the 'clover mites' on the cover crop are not the same as those which later 

 feed on apple foliage. 



By banding the trunk and scaffold limbs of apple trees with an adhesive, it 

 has been shown that the 'clover mites' feeding on the apple foliage live primarily 

 on the leaves. They migrate to the tvvigs to lay their eggs and shed their skins, 

 but do not move dox^^l to the trunk or ground. These mites pass the winter in the 

 egg stage on the apple twigs. 



The 'clover mites' on the ground cover, however, spend the winter in both 

 the egg and active stages underneath the loose bark at the base of trees. 

 Because they overwinter partly as active stages, they appear on their food 

 plants earlier in the season than those on fruit trees. They feed only on 

 grasses and similar plants but do not migrate up the trunk to feed on the apple 

 foliage, hence are of no real concern to the apple grower. 



J. J. 



^Anderson, N. H., and C. V. G. Morgan. 1958. Canad. Ent. 90(1): 23-42 

 Levine, H. R. Unpublished data 



Harvey R. Levine 



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CA ROUNDU P 



Most CA rooms have been opened and the repacking and selling of CA Mcintosh 

 is well under way or completed. All CA rooms in Massachusetts, and perhaps with 

 one or two exceptions throughout New England, were run well enough to qualify 

 under the Nev; York State CA law. This law requires, among other things, that a 

 CA room reach an oxygen level of 5 per cent within 20 days and that this level 



