•3- 



may be happening to apples as time passes. To find out whether some disorder is 

 becoming serious before it is too late requires a constant system of inspection. 

 To look at the fruit in the top of one or two boxes and go no farther is not 

 enough. Samples should be taken from various blocks and from various pickings. 

 The fruit should be placed at room temperature for 5 to 7 days to see if any 

 disorder develops at warm temperatures. Some lots of apples showing no scald 

 in storage may show 90 per cent or more in a week at room temperature. Brown 

 core is always a threat in late-held cold storage Mcintosh. Whenever Delicious, 

 Spy, or Rome show water core in the fall, internal breakdown may develop later. 



Here is a list of a few storage troubles and some suggestions that may help 

 to minimize them which come to mind following the 1958-59 storage season. 



Scald - 1, There is no possibility of clearance of DPA (diphenylamine) for 

 scald control before the fall of 1960 and it may not come then. Early 

 picked Mcintosh and Cortland are much more susceptible to scald when placed 

 in cold storage than later picked fruit. However, when these two varieties 

 are placed in CA storage the later pickings are more susceptible to scald 

 than the early ones. Whether this holds for Delicious is not certain, 



2. If cold storage Mcintosh are held as long as CA Mcintosh, the 

 cold storage fruit invariably scalds more than those from CA rooms. 



3. Move apples quickly from the orchard to storage at harvest time 

 so that the period from harvest to storage does not exceed 24 hours. 

 Scald may increase considerably if the period of delay between harvest 

 and storage is prolonged. 



4. If for any reason a CA room is so leaky that the 3 per cent 

 oxygen level is not reached within 20 days, the development of scald 

 later in the storage period may increase markedly. It may be better to 

 drop the temperature to 32° F and run such rooms as a cold storage than 

 risk a marked increase in scald. Also, such apples will not 



keep appreciably better than cold storage apples anyway. 



5. Shredded oiled paper is the best control measure for scald that 

 can be recommended now even though it is far from perfect. 



Water Core - The severity of this orchard and storage disorder is more 

 closely related to fruit maturity than to any other factor we know of. 

 Generally, late-picked fruit has more water core than apples picked 

 earlier. Water core and the development of internal breakdown are closely 

 associated, also. Water core often disappears to a large extent in storage 

 but some may persist and internal breakdown may develop along with it. 

 Delayed storage is no cure for the associated internal breakdown. (Dr. 

 Lord will go into this subject further next month.) 



CO2 Injury on CA Mcintosh - This has not been a serious problem yet. To 

 reduce the chances of its becoming serious, maintain the carbon dioxide 

 level at about 3 per cent for the first 4 to 6 weeks before allowing 

 the level to rise to 5 per cent. 



