5. Other growers do not pay a bonus to pickers who keep damage to the 

 fruit at a minimum but do hire someone to inspect random boxes of fruit. The 

 names of pickers causing excessive bruising is given to the foreman. The 

 foreman attempts to observe the reason for excessive bruising and then procedes 

 to show the pickers how to pick properly. 



6. A bonus is frequently paid the pickers who stay through the entire season. 



7. Some growers instruct pickers to harvest only those Mcintosh apples 

 having at least 25 per cent color. The apples having less than 25 per cent 

 color are picked at a later date when color has improved. The growers feel 

 that they are better off having the poor colored fruit on the ground than in 



the storage, so they aren't too concerned if all the fruit left is never harvested. 



8. Splint baskets are used by some as picking containers. These are carried 

 to a central location where a packing crew places the apples into field crates. Low 

 grade apples are removed in the process and placed in separate containers. 



9. Some growers move their field-run fruit directly into the packing 



house where it is segregated into grades and sizes before being placed in storage. 

 This method has the advantage in that the grower knows the grades and sizes 

 available for sale. Cull apples are removed which otherwise would take up valuable 

 storage space. The disadvantage with packing fruit at harvest is that a grading 

 and packing crew is required in addition to the picking crew. 



10. In one orchard where pallets are used, a crew consisting of a foreman 

 and two men do the palletizing. They are preceded through the orchard by two girls 

 hired to level the boxes. The foreman and two men follow with a tractor and 

 trailer loaded with pallets. The foreman places the pallet near the filled boxes, 

 the correct placement of which is important in facilitating ease of loading it 

 onto the truck. The foreman and two men then place 36 boxes on the pallet .Excess 

 filled boxes are placed on the trailer and are used to complete the pallet load 



at other locations. 



11. Double decked trailers are useful in some operations. By use of these, 

 two layers of boxes can be hauled without the necessity of leveling the boxes 



in the orchard. 



12. Last year five apple growers used bulk bins to replace the conventional 

 apple crate. The bulk bins were placed in the orchard in convenient locations 

 and were filled by pickers. Studies conducted by Professor 0. C. Roberts showed 

 that bulk bins may be used for Mcintosh apples as a harvest container and storage 

 container without appreciable increase of bruising and skin punctures compared 

 with conventional crates. However, dumping the bins onto the receiving belt of 

 the grader is a problem. 



13. The placement of hardwood skids across the trailer bed enables the 

 worker who is loading the trailer to push the stack of boxes toward the center of 

 the trailer after building a stack of the desired height on the edge of the 

 trailer platform. The whole load can be handled from the ground. 



