A. SPACE SPRAYS 



Stands that can be closed up completely or enough to prevent cross ventila- 

 tion may be space treated with a fine spray or aerosol. All flies then in 

 the building should be killed but there is no residual effect. 



Pyrethrin or allethrln synergized by materials such as piperonyl butoxide, 

 sulfoxide, etc. are the killing agents. Some products contain methoxychlor, 

 DDT, or other materials - these should not be used unless edible foods are 

 covered. 



Apply space treatments by using pyrethrin or allethrin fly sprays in hand 

 or electrically operated atomizers or by using aerosol bombs. 



Read the list of active ingredients and follow label directions. 



W. D. Tunis 



Extension Entomologist 



I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 



BEFORE HARVEST IS A GOOD TIME TO EyALUATE ONE'S CULTURAL PRACTICES 



Careful observations of the apple trees and fruits before harvest can tell 

 the grower considerably about his fertilizer and pruning practices. In addition, 

 the grower can determine what alterations, if any, should be made in these practices 

 for the coming year. 



The amount of terminal growth, the fruit and foliage color are visual guides 

 by which the grower can make future adjustments in his fertilizer program. Only 

 vigorous trees can produce good crops regularly. An apple tree of bearing age 

 should make 8 to 18 inches of terminal growth per year, depending upon variety. 

 Eight to 15 inches is desired with the Mcintosh while 12 to 18 inches of terminal 

 growth is preferred on Delicious trees. An annual terminal growth of 20 to 30 

 inches should be made by young non-bearing apple trees. When twig growth is 

 meager on bearing trees (less than 6 inches) try to determine the cause. Droughty 

 soil, insufficient rainfall or pruning, low fertility, root injury, girdling or 



other factors may be the cause of poor vigor. 



r 



Visible evidence of magnesium deficiency can be seen if the deficiency exists. 

 Necrotic brown blotches between the veins of older leaves on shoots or spurs and 

 gradual loss of these leaves in late summer are common symptoms of magnesium 

 deficiency. 



Fruit color is an important consideration. The color of Mcintosh apples has 

 been found to be associated with both the nitrogen and potassium levels in the 

 foliage. The fruits from high nitrogen low potassium trees are apt to be poor in 

 color, softer than those from medium nitrogen high potassium trees and have shorter 

 storage life. 



