- 7 - 



rootstock, under our conditions, are approximately 60 per cent the size of a 

 given variety on a standard seedling rootstock. The size of the tree depends 

 considerably on the variety. More vigorous varieties, like Mcintosh, Macoun, 

 and Northern Spy, are d\>7arfed less on E.M. VII than less vigorous varieties 

 ] ike Cortland and Rome. 



In many instances the trees on E.M. VII are used in a permanent planting 

 system not as fillers. The trees are spaced twenty feet by thirty feet making 

 seventy-two trees per acre. 



W. J. Lord 



A Pear for a Penny 



Many roadside stand operators display a basket of small apples, pears or 

 some other fruit with a sign stating free samples and make it a practice to give 

 a, fruit to children of customers. However, selling a small pear or apple for a 

 penny to children, who stop by is something new to the writer. This is not a 

 case of selling a fruit for a penny to children accompanied by parents but to 

 children in the vicinity wishing to have some fruit to eat. In the writer's 

 opinion, this practice will create future customers for our fruit as well as 

 being good from the standpoint of health. Apples certainly are better for 

 children than candy or soda. The children aren't getting something for nothing. 

 They purchase these fruits and a demand for fruit in the future is being created. 



W, J, Lord 



I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 



1961 FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS 



Results of Mcintosh leaf analyses for the season of 1960 indicate that 

 nearly half of the trees sampled were too high in nitrogen for the best devel- 

 opment of fruit color. This would be especially true in a season of heavy crops 

 and above normal temperatures just prior to harvest. Since we have abundant 

 fruit buds for a potentially large crop in 1961, we are suggesting that growers 

 reduce nitrogen applications this year. 



Growers do not need to worry about reduced nitrogen fertilization inducing 

 biennial production of Mcintosh in a heavy crop year. Evidence in controlled 

 fertilizer experiments indicates that high rates of nitrogen enhance biennial 

 production while low rates encourage annual production. However, more control 

 of annual production is acccnnplished by chemical thinning than by nitrogen 

 fertilization. 



Suggested rates of fertilizer are shown in the following table. 



