- 6 - 



EM XIII would likely show sjmiptoms of manganese toxicity first. Conversely, on 

 soils having a law supply of available manganese, trees growing on EM II would 

 likely show symptoms of manganese deficiency first. 



"Iron - Inconsistent results were obtained. In general, EM I was highest 

 and EM XVI lowest in iron. The differences, however, were of no essential 

 practical consequence. 



"Copper - Only small differences between rootstocks were found." 



---William J. Lord 



I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 



GALBRAITH BALEWINS 



Several Massachusetts growers and one grower from New Hampshire have reported 

 encountering severe cracking near the stem of Galbraith Baldwins. On apples the 

 writer has seen many of the cracks are quite deep (1/4 inch) and are triangular in 

 shape . 



One grower reported that his first crop of Galbraiths in either 1955 or 1956 

 were the most beautiful Baldwins he has ever seen. Since then, he reports the 

 crops have been fair to not worth picking because of cracking. 



Another grower has 50 trees of Galbraith Baldwins, half of which are 7 years 

 of age and the other half 4 years. The older trees have produced apples for the 

 last 3 years and cracking of the fruit has been experienced each year. Approx- 

 imately 50 per cent of the fruit showed cracking this year. In the block of 50 

 Galbraith Baldwins there is one tree of a regular strain and none of the fruit 

 showed cracking. 



A New Hampshire grower reports that for the past 3 years from 75 to 100 per 

 cent of his Galbraith Baldwins have gone mainly into cider because of severe skin 

 cracking near the stems. His adjacent Mcintosh, Delicious, and Cortland trees 

 have had perfect fruit and his regular Baldwins have shown no cracking. 



Two growers with a small number of Galbraiths have reported no appre- 

 ciable cracking near the stem. Also, the disorder is apparently worse some years 

 than others. The cause of the cracking is not known and there are so few 

 Baldwins now being planted in Massachusetts that the problem does not warrant 

 research. However, growers planning to plant Baldwins might avoid planting the 

 Galbraith strain. 



--- William J. Lord 

 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 



