the tree, the leaf surface is increased, resulting in more growth and earlier 

 production. The extra limbs also help to produce wide angles by forcing the 

 scaffold limbs to grow outward instead of growing in a more upright position. 



Tree Growth Year of Planting 



Growth standards for apple trees for the year of planting has been suggested 

 in other states. This past summer the writer made growth measurements on 15 two 

 year old Mcintosh and 15 one-year old Red Delicious trees on EM VII planted in 

 a grower orchard in 1962. All the trees in the block made, in the writer's 

 opinion, very satisfactory growth. The average total growth, average growth per 

 terminal and the average number of terminals per tree are shown below: 



Table 1 - Growth the Year of Planting of Mcintosh and Red Delicious on EM VII, 1962 



V ariety 



Average Number 

 of Tenninals 



Mcintosh 



Red Delicious 



10.9 

 6.8 



Average 

 Growth/Terminal 



in. 

 15.6 

 23.6 



Average Total 

 Growth 



in. 

 170 

 161 



The growth measurements shown in Table 1 might well constitute a goal for 

 other Massachusetts growers. Naturally, it is not possible for all growers to 

 obtain such excellent growth because of soil type and conditions under which the 

 trees are planted. For example, thorough soil preparation is not possible when 

 the trees are to be planted as fillers in an established orchard. 



In the orchard where these growth measurements were obtained, the land was 

 bulldozed and then limed at the rate of three tons per acre. A stone rake was 

 used and then the area was fertilized with five hundred pounds of 10-20-20 

 applied as a broadcast application. The area was again smoothed with a stone 

 rake and the trees planted. Topsoil that had been bulldozed off the area in 

 the process of clearing the land was used in the planting holes. After planting, 

 three or four forkful Is of cow manure was spread around each tree. A mixture of 

 grass seed and oats was sown. During the summer, oats that were sowed in the 

 spring were cut and raked around the trees for mulch. 



---William J. Lord 



I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 



POMOLOGICAL PARAGRAPHS 



Selling Apples to Retail Food Stores 



The results of the study of retail store servicing in Massachusetts conducted 

 by F. E. Cole and W. J. Lord are now available in Publication 380. A copy of this 

 publication may be obtained by writing the Mailing Room, Munson Hall, University 

 of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 



