ORCHARD INSECT SURVEYS WITH TRAPS 



H.E. Wave 

 Department of Entomology 

 and Plant Pathology 



An interesting item on fruit insect surveys appeared in the February issue 

 of the Journal of Economic Entomology by E.R. Oatman, University of California 

 Citrus Research Center, Riverside. This article describes a trapping method 

 for detecting economically important species or orchard fruit insects in Wis- 

 consin. The method described uses an all-directional light trap, which is 

 equipped with a 15-watt BL (blacklight) fluorescent lamp mounted vertically 

 between a single baffle. The lamp is enclosed by a cylinder of 1/4 inch screen- 

 ing to keep out insects larger than the codling moth. Cyanide granules were 

 used to kill the trapped insects. Traps, operated through June, July and 

 August were emptied and examined 3 times a week. 



Insects trapped by this method included: Codling moth, red-banded leaf 

 roller, eye-spotted bud moth, strawberry leaf roller and others. 



Information obtained with the blacklight traps helped to establish the 

 time of emergence, population abundance and seasonal distribution, including 

 the number of generations per season of tho principal pest species. The timing 

 and number of sprays needed for adequate insect control can be greatly improved 

 through this method. 



Some commercial growers in Wisconsin, taught to recognize the adults, 

 operate their ovm light traps and disseminate the information gathered to 

 others in the area. 



^c 



CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL IN SMALL FRUITS 



J.S. Bailey 

 Department of Horticultural Science 



Weeds are serious enemies of many crops including small fruits. Among the 

 small fruits, strawberries are the most seriously hurt by weeds. Many a straw- 

 berry bed has had to be abandoned because weeds choked out the berry plants. The 

 rapid development of weeds, during the first fruiting year with the resulting 

 problem and expense of getting rid of them, is one of the chief reasons why 

 strawberry beds in the northeast are fruited only once. If weeds were kept 

 under control so that the bed could be fruited two or three years, the cost 

 of growing berries could be considerably reduced. 



With cultivated blueberries and raspberries, the problem is not quite so 

 serious, because these plants grow above most weeds and, therefore, do not suffer 

 from shading as strawberries do. Tliey do suffer from competition for soil nutri- 



