4 - 



Modified leader trees were found to be less subject to damage from 

 low temperatures because they had fewer horizontal limbs. 



Summer pruning (early August) , in comparison to pruning during the 

 dormant season, resulted in dwarfing and a gradual decline in yield. 

 Summer-pruned trees were more susceptible to cold injury, also. 



*************** 



MARKETING NEW ENGIAND APPLES 



Rockwood Berry 



310 State Street 



Springfield, Massachusetts 



The apple production in New England, New York and New Jersey repre- 

 sents about 25% of the National crop or more than 33,000,000 bushels. 

 We know that apples from this area are marketed in at least 15 of the 

 major United States terminal markets. Why isn't this production sold 

 entirely within the growing area? 



According to the 1960 census the population of New England, New 

 York and New Jersey was over 35,000,000. The 3 northern states of New 

 England accounted for about 2 million; Massachusetts, Connecticut and 

 Rhode Island had over 8 1/2 million. New York 16.8 million; New Jersey 

 a little over 8 million people. This concentration of 18% of the total 

 United States population is considered to be the greatest market geo- 

 graphically of any similar area in the United States. If everyone in 

 this 8 state area consumed approximately 1 bushel per person, all of the 

 apples produced here would be marketed in the Northeast. However, we 

 know that average per capita consumption of apples in all forms is about 

 30 pounds. At least, this is the available supply per person. We also 

 know that many apples from other areas are marketed in the Northeast. 



To balance our supply of apples against the potential home market, 

 let us assume : 



1. That the average per capita is 30 lbs. per year 



2. That outside apples do not come into our markets 



3. That the average production from 19M-8 to 1962 is a fair 

 average of our supply. 



Then we would find that Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont with a 

 total population of under 2 million produce M-, 278, 000 bushels of apples. 

 The people in this 3 state area apparently consume 1,473,000 bushels, 

 leaving 2,805,000 bushels to be marketed elsewhere. 



On the other hand, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island with 

 a population of 8 1/2 million produce 4,228,000 bushels or over 2,000,000 



