- 6 



that parent birds, or 

 young which are unfam 

 also serve to acquain 

 served some adults wh 

 and 1 ater , to f 1 edgl i 

 tinue to beg from adu 

 quently fed by their 

 test the abi 1 i ty of y 

 foods such as blueber 

 in which young Robins 

 of them while they wa 

 could not be clearly 

 not acoustically isol 

 terest in cherries in 

 coul d see the adul t a 

 trials. Cherries wou 

 to handle than are bl 

 skill at pulling apar 

 in the trials, both g 

 and there seemed to b 

 it took to recognize 

 to understand the mec 

 more research is unde 



even othe 

 i 1 iar wi th 

 t the youn 

 ich fed la 

 ngs of the 

 Its after 

 parents or 

 oung, hand 

 ries and c 



were fed 

 tched a tr 

 interprete 

 ated from 



the cours 

 t least be 

 Id seem to 

 ueberries; 

 t a cherry 

 roups of y 

 e very lit 

 bl ueberrie 

 hanisms th 

 rs tandably 



r adu 



the 



g wit 



rge n 



i r ow 



the y 



othe 



-rear 



herri 



ei the 



ai ned 



d. T 



the a 



e of 



gan p 



be m 



even 



as t 



oung 



tie d 



s as 



at go 



need 



Us, 

 surro 

 h unf 

 umber 

 n and 

 oung 

 r adu 

 ed Ro 

 es . 

 r a b 



adul 

 he yo 

 dult 

 six t 

 ecki n 

 ore d 



the 

 he te 

 bi rds 

 i ffer 

 food 

 vern 

 ed. 



serve 

 undi n 

 amil i 

 s of 



of 

 1 eave 

 Its . 

 bins 

 The r 

 1 uebe 

 t eat 

 ung w 

 seeme 

 rials 

 g at 

 iffic 

 adul t 

 sts p 



1 ear 

 ence 

 and t 

 f eedi 



as gu 

 g area 

 ar foo 

 c h e r r i 

 thers . 



the n 



We ma 

 to rec 

 esul ts 

 rry or 



the s 

 h i c h w 

 d to t 



whi 1 e 

 the ch 

 ul t fo 



bi rd 

 roceed 

 ned to 

 in the 

 eat 

 ng by 



i des t 

 . Adu 

 ds. W 

 es to 



Fled 



est an 



de an 



ogni ze 



of 24 



a che 



ame ki 



ere vi 



ake 1 i 



those 



erry i 



r youn 



i n c r e a 



ed. V 



eat b 



numbe 



them . 



Robins 



the 

 1 ts may 

 e have ob- 

 nestlings 

 glings con- 

 d are fre- 

 effort to 



novel 

 trials 

 rry, half 

 nd of food 

 sually but 

 1 1 1 e i n - 



whi ch 

 n the later 

 g robins 

 s e d his 

 ery early 

 1 ueberri es 

 r of trials 



If we are 



on fruit. 



habi t 

 s i b 1 e 

 years 

 fully 

 the h 

 minis 

 age t 

 deter 

 in in 

 most 

 natur 

 to gi 



For exam 

 at of sp 



for the 

 To do 



def i ned 

 ope that 

 h losses 

 i n d i V i 

 mine whe 

 creased 

 bird pes 

 a 1 e n V i r 

 ve some 



pie, 

 eci es 

 appa 

 this 

 and 

 mana 

 of a 

 dual 

 ther 

 depre 

 ts ar 

 onmen 

 atten 



we need to 

 such as R 

 rently inc 

 , we feel 

 changes in 

 gement pro 

 gri cul tura 

 pi antation 

 urban and 

 dation by 

 e a produc 

 ts . It is 

 t i n . 



ask w 

 obi ns , 

 reasin 

 that b 



i ts e 

 cedure 

 1 crop 

 s, pro 

 suburb 

 certai 

 t of h 



to th 



hethe 

 Orio 

 g bir 

 r e e d i 

 xtent 

 s may 

 s to 

 V i d e d 

 an de 

 n pes 

 uman 

 i s as 



r his tor 

 les and 

 d fruit- 

 ng habit 

 and qua 

 be deve 

 bi rds . 



by thei 

 vel opmen 

 t specie 

 cul ture , 

 pect of 



i c a 1 c 

 Starl i 

 damage 

 at nee 

 lity d 

 loped 

 His tor 

 r owne 

 t has 

 s. By 

 not 

 the pr 



hanges 

 ngs are 



of the 

 ds to b 

 etermi n 

 that wo 

 i e s of 

 rs, may 

 been a 



and la 

 f undis 

 oblem w 



in the 

 respon- 

 past 20 



e care- 



ed, in 



uld di- 



past dam- 

 help to 



factor 



rge, 



turbed , 



e need 



*************** 



HERBICIDE INJURY SYMPTOMS 



Wi 1 1 i am J . Lord 

 Department of Plant and Soil Sciences 



One of the objectives of our weed control studies is to obtain 

 descriptions and photographs of herbicide injury. Some of these 

 have been published in Extension Service Publication 32, entitled 

 "Herbicides - Their Nature, Persistence and Effect on Fruit Trees." 

 We now have more complete descriptions of diuron and dichlobenil 

 injury and more photographs which are presented below. 



1 



Photographs by L.J. Musante, School of Education, University of Mass 



