4 - 



only 4 of these were insecticide-fungicide combinations. Five 

 fungicide sprays were applied, while 1 oi 1 -fungi ci de combination 

 and 1 miticide (Kelthane*) application were made, the latter being 

 applied in mid-August. 



The insecticides used in the regular spray and alternate spray 

 plots were Guthion*, Imidan* and Zolone*, while only lead arsenate 

 and the fungicide Captan were used in the limited spray plot after 

 the 1/2" green stage of development. These last two materials are 

 recommended by integrated control specialists as being among the 

 least detrimental (of all the available registered materials) to 

 the natural enemies of insects and mites normally found in apple 

 orchards . 



Insect and mite population levels were monitored carefully 

 throughout the growing season, both within these three treatments 

 and in an abandoned orchard 1-1/2 miles away. Pheromone (sex attrac- 

 tant) traps were used to monitor codling moth, lesser apple worm, 

 red banded leaf roller and oriental fruit moth populations. Apple 

 maggot population levels were monitored with bait and visual attrac- 

 tants. The plum curculio was monitored by beating the branches 

 over a 30" x 30" beating sheet for a specified length of time, and 

 mite counts on the leaves of several trees were made routinely. 

 Aphid populations were monitored by visual observations of the ter- 

 minal foliage. 



Aphids and other pests were noticeably more numerous in the 

 limited spray plot than in either the alternate-row-sprayed plot 

 or the regular sprayed plot; however, the numbers of beneficial 

 insects were also noticeably higher in this plot. Insect levels 

 in the abandoned orchard naturally exceeded those in the treated 

 orchard. Mite counts (including predaceous mites) were also con- 

 siderably higher in the limited spray plot than in the others. 

 Although the predaceous mites were apparently beginning to get the 

 upper-hand over the red mites in this plot, the blister mites were 

 so numerous (300+/leaf) that Kelthane* was applied on August 15. 



R 

 Mclnto 

 harves 

 s i b 1 e 

 leaf r 

 (0.34% 

 f rui ts 

 in any 

 were e 

 courag 

 1 imi te 

 The la 

 i n the 

 sampl e 

 1972, 

 and pi 



epresen 



sh appl 



t for i 



for the 



ol 1 ers 



) all e 



i n jure 



of the 



xami ned 



ingly h 



d-spray 



tter re 



al tern 



from t 



with on 



um cure 



tative s 

 es taken 

 n s e c t in 



most CO 

 (0.7%), 

 xceeded 

 d by ins 



f rui ts 



without 

 i g h per 



(95.1%) 

 suits CO 

 ate row 

 he regul 

 ly a few 

 u 1 i . 



ampl e 



from 

 jury, 

 mmon 

 apple 

 the c 

 ects 

 exami 



any 

 cent 



and 

 mpare 

 exper 

 ar sp 



i nju 



s of r 



the c 



The 



type 



sawf 1 



d 1 i n g 



(3%). 



ned, a 



e V i d e n 



of the 



al tern 



favor 



iment 



ray pi 



r i e s c 



andomly s 

 enters of 

 tarn i shed 

 f injury 

 ies (0.5% 



moth (0. 



Apple ma 

 nd many o 

 ce of app 



fruits w 

 ate-row-s 

 ably with 

 at the re 

 ot reveal 

 aused by 



el ect 

 each 

 plan 

 (1.1% 

 ) , an 

 22%) 

 ggots 

 ther 

 le ma 

 ere c 

 praye 

 thos 

 searc 

 ed th 

 the t 



ed Re 

 pi ot 

 t bug 

 ), wh 

 d pi u 

 in to 

 were 

 addi t 



ggot 



1 ean 

 d pi 

 e obt 

 h cen 

 em to 

 amis 



d Deli 

 were 

 s were 

 i 1 e re 

 m cure 

 tal nu 

 not d 

 i n a 1 

 i n j u ry 

 in b 1 

 ts (97 

 a i n e d 

 ter. 



be 99 

 hed pi 



cious and 

 graded at 



respon- 

 d-banded 

 ul i OS 

 mber of 

 i s cove red 

 f rui ts 



An en- 

 h the 

 .4%). 

 in 1971 

 The fruit 

 • 3% cl ean 

 ant bug 



1 n 



Trade name 



