Fredon fine sandy loam 



Fredon fine sandy loam, silty subsoil variant 



Hadley silt loam, low bottom 



Hadley very fine sandy loam, low bottom 



Kendaia silt loam 



Leicester loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam 



Limerick silt loam, very fine sandy loam 



Livingston silty clay loam 



Madalin silt loam 



Norwell loamy sand 



Ondawa fine sandy loam, low bottom 



Podunk fine sandy loam 



Raynham silt loam, very fine sandy loam 



Ridgebury fine sandy loam, loam, sandy loam 



Rumney fine sandy loam 



Saugatuck sand 



Scantic silt loam 



Stissing silt loam, loam 



Swanton fine sandy loam 



Walpole fine sandy loam 



Wareham loamy sand 



Wilbraham loam 



Winooski silt loam, very fine sandy loam, low bottom 



Cultivars" 



Apple cultivars do not grow true to type from seed. They 

 are propagated by means of grafting or budding. Hence, 

 most apple trees consist of two distinct parts; the rootstock 

 and the cultivar. 



The proper choice of cultivars will have much to do with 

 the success or failure of the orchard enterprise. Some impor- 

 tant points to consider in the choice of cultivars are market 

 demand, succession of ripening periods, productiveness and 

 storage life. Descriptions of cultivars recommended for 

 commercial plantings and trials may be obtained from your 

 County Extension Office. 



There are many strains of some cultivars. Strains differ 

 in fruit characteristics or tree characteristics or both. Spur 

 type strains differ from standard trees in that more of the 

 lateral buds on 2 and 3-year-old wood develop into fruit 

 spurs. This causes compactness of the tree. Spur types in 

 comparison to standard types seem to put more sunlight 

 energy into the fruit. Their disadvantages consist of upright 

 growth habit and more limb-rub on fruit and fruit shading 

 by the leaves. Limb spreading is more essential on spur types 

 because of their upright growth habit than on standard types. 



There are fewer lateral branches produced from the main 

 branches because many lateral buds form fruiting spurs 

 (Fig. 1A and IB). Thus, branches that are allowed to grow 

 without heading, may develop many short spurs but few 

 laterals. Branches such as this bear early but there is only a 

 small potential fruiting area with few replacement spurs, a 

 condition that can lead to alternate bearing. 



Fig. 1A. Typical branch from a spur-type tree. Note the 

 heavy fruit bud and spur development and lack of 

 side shoots. 



°A term that is now used in place of the older term, variety, pjg ig Typical branch from a standard type tree (non-spur), 

 when designating a specific horticultural variation in a plant This branch shows lateral branch development, but 



series. few fruit spurs. 



