12 



per acre in each of the 2 applications. For young orchards, the 

 addition of 1/2 pound of Solubor per 100 gallons (dilute basis) 

 to the first 2 cover sprays meets the B requirement of these trees. 

 Reports of New York State indicate that sprays can be concentrated 

 up to 8X with satisfactory results. 



Leaf samples from orchards treated with Solubor have indi - 

 cated adequate leaf boron levels but the fruit was deficient in 

 this element . Whether or not B applied as a fertilizer more ade- 

 quately meets the B requirement of apples than foliar-applied 

 B is not known by us. 



Manganese (Mn) : The element was deficient in several orchards 

 last summer . As sEown in the photograph below apple leaves having 

 Mn deficiency have interveinal fading of chlorophyll with the veins 

 remaining green. In the past we have analyzed Mcintosh apple leaves 

 from trees showing Mn deficiency and found the leaf of this element 



to be 9 to 14 ppm. Mn levels of th 

 are critically low in comparison to 

 standard of 50-100 ppm set by othe 

 apple trees. Mn deficiency should 

 on trees showing considerable folia 

 Although we haven't definite proof, 

 ciency appeared to be associated wi 

 fruit drop on a few trees in one or 

 1977. Mn deficiency can be correct 

 applications of manganese sulfate o 

 fungicide containing Mn. Apply man 

 sulfate at about first cover at the 

 lbs per 100 gallons of water. If u 

 containing fungicide, 2 or 3 applic 

 necessary with timings about petal 

 and second cover. 



is magnitude 

 the desired 

 r states for 

 be corrected 

 ge damage. 



Mn defi- 

 th excessive 

 chard in 

 ed by foliar 

 r of a 

 ganese 



rate of 3 

 sing a Mn- 

 ations are 

 fall, first 



Mn toxicity is implicated with the problem of "apple measles" 

 shown in the photograph on the following page. The twig from 

 Delicious at the top of the photograph shows severe symptoms of 

 measles while the twig below has normal bark. Measles can severely 

 injure or kill young Delicious trees. An over-application of a 

 dormant-oil spray can induce symptoms similar to that shown in 

 the photograph. 



Our only solution to the apple measle problem is raising 

 the soil pH to 6.0-6.5. Apply lime, if needed, before planting 

 and add 2-3 lbs of lime to the planting hole. 



