-5- 



The supervisor/carton handlers for the control packing lines were, 



in effect, underemployed since those lines were operating at less 



than normal capacity. Average comparison data are presented in 

 Table 3. 



Table 3. Comparison of labor productivity in grading and packing 

 IPM pnd control Mcintosh apples.^ 



Activity IPM 



Apples Dumped (bu.) 204.0 

 Sortouts (bu.)^ 29.4 



Packout (I) 85.58 



Labor (hrs. per bu. packed) .262 



Grader/Packers .217 



Supervisor/Carton Handlers .045 

 Labor Cost ($ per bu. packed) 1.176 1.113 



Grader/Packers .852 .773 



Supervisor/Carton Handlers .324 .340 



z 



Average data for all packing operations sampled. 



y 



Includes utility grade and culls. 



The IPM apples exhibited a sortout rate 18.4% higher than the 

 control fruit sampled. This is only slightly higher than the 

 difference between pest injury levels discussed earlier (16.7%). 

 The difference may be due to more critical inspection by the grader/ 

 packers, some unidentified deterioration of the IPM fruit during 

 storage, or sampling error since the control fruit packed was not 

 necessarily the control fruit monitored during growing and harvest. 



The grading/packing operation took slightly over 10% longer per 

 bushel packed for the IPM apples. The Washington State study mention- 

 ed earlier found that grading time increased as cull rates increased. 

 The study results presented in Table 3 are consistent with those 

 findings . 



By implication, if grading/packing time per bushel packed in- 

 creases, grading/packing costs should increase relatively. Such an 



