13- 



Table 1. Composition of defects on Mcintosh apnles at grower 

 packing sheds in 1979-80 and 1981. 



Culls showing Total fruit culled 

 this defect because of this defect 



Defect 



1979-80 1981 1979-80 1981 



i'o) il) (%) (%) 



0.6 

 0.4 

 5.3 

 7.5 

 2.6 

 1.2 

 1.7 

 0. 5 

 2.5 

 22.3 



z 

 Includes limb rub, cuts and cracks. 



y 



Includes misshapen, bitter pit, sun scald, hail damage, rodent 

 damage, storage freeze and soot. 



Physical damage (bruise, mechanical and stem puncture) ac- 

 counted for 23.71, of culled fruit (5.5% of total fruit packed) 

 in 1981. This is just slightly better than in the 1979-80 study. 

 We feel this is an area where damage could be reduced by closer 

 monitoring of picking, handling and grading practices. 



Strip picked vs. se le ctively picked--some economic comparisons . 

 Separating the samples into strip picked and selectively picked 

 (picked for color) categories did not, as we had hoped, account 

 for the variation in packout rates. Although selectively picked 

 apples did have a higher packout rate than the strip picked (82.8% 

 vs. 72.6%) the variance for selectively picked fruit was greater. 

 Packout rates for selectively picked fruit ranged from 96.6% to 

 42.2% while the range for strip picked was 88.9% to 54.4%. The 

 large variation on the packout of selectively picked fruit was due 

 to one sample with considerable handling damage and another with 

 hail damage far in excess of what might be considered normal. 



An examination of Tables 2 and 3 reveals a substantial differ 

 ence in lost revenue due to the cullage of apples. Selectively 

 picking fruit (Table 2) resulted in an additional $451.20 per acre 



