_ «; 



known. For example, the female may have, during the previous week, laid all 

 her eggs only in hawthorn fruit, or only in apples. Then we track by eye 

 all the female's movements as she forages among the mixture of trees, 

 recording every time she lands on and accepts or rejects an apple or 

 hawthorn fruit. 



Our findings to date in this field cage confirm our previous laboratory 

 findings and suggest, in general, that apple maggot flies that have ovi- 

 posited in a given fruit species in nature i^or some time may have difficulty 

 in switching to another fruit species readily. If this is so, then females 

 immigrating from neighboring wild hawthorn trees into commercial apple 

 orchards might pose less an immediate threat to the apple crop than females 

 immigrating from neighboring abandoned apple trees. Whichever, the host- 

 learning ability of apple maggot flies is yet another intriguing dimension 

 of the life of this important apple pest. 



POMOLOGICAL PARAGRAPH 



Will iam J. Lord 



Refrigerated salesrooms . Among the reasons for shopping at roadside stands 

 are freshness, quality and better flavor of produce. To help maintain 

 attributes of produce sold at roadside stands, a number of growers have 

 refrigerated their sales rooms to retard fruit deterioration. Temperatures 

 maintained in the refrigerated salesrooms vary from 40° to SOO F during the 

 day and from 3^"^ to ^0° F at night. The refrigerated sales areas also pro- 

 vide excellent display space for cider and a mass display of fruit for self- 

 service. Furthermore, one of the main reasons why Mcintosh apples are below 

 grade at roadside stands is because of broken skin. In a study conducted 

 years ago, we found that l^"*- of the Mcintosh apples marked U.S. Fancy at 

 roadside stands were below grade because of cuts and stem punctures and/or 

 decay had occurred in some instances. The installation of a refrigerated 

 sales area appears to he a realistic approach to increased sales through 

 product improvement and as a means of preventing fruit deterioration since 

 small, shallow stem punctures are allowed in U.S. Utility grade apples but 

 none with softening around the punctures. 



