60 



50 



10 tv- 



30 



20 



10 



i- 



1 2 3 



Dosage Equivalents of Fungicide Applied After June 15 



Figure 1. European red mite populations as a function of dosage equivalents of fungicide applied during the 

 summer in four blocks of scab-resistant apple cultivars. 



Table 3. 

 1994.* 



eficial insects: white apple leafhopper; rose leafhopper; 

 potato leafhopper; green apple aphid; leafminer; syrphid 

 fly; or cecidomiid fly. Fruit damage by insects was not 

 evaluated by fungicide treatment, but insect damage was 

 evaluated by arthropod treat- 

 ment. Of the fruit pests evalu- 

 ated (codling moth, European 

 apple sawfly, plum curculio, tar- 

 nished plant bug, leafroller, 

 green fruitworm, and lesser 

 apple worm) all damage was the 

 same regardless of arthropod 

 treatment. Fruit damage from 

 apple maggot fly was signifi- 

 cantly higher in the second- 

 level blocks using spheres than 

 in the sprayed blocks, with dam- 

 age levels at 6. 1 % and 3.1%, re- 

 spectively. 



In one SRC block, we also 

 examined the amount of defo- 

 liation under the different pest 

 management strategies. The 

 number of leaves on a teiininal 



at the end of October was counted. There were significantly 

 fewer leaves on trees which did not receive fungicides. 

 There were significantly more leaves on trees which were 

 treated with a full insecticide and fungicide program, while 



Amount of defoliation on Liberty apple in Ashfield, Oct. 31, 



Fungicide treatment Arthropod treatment 



Number of leaves 

 per terminal 



Fungicide 

 Fungicide 

 No Fungicide 

 No Fungicide 



Standard 

 Second level 

 Standard 

 Second level 



8.7 

 6.7 

 3.3 

 2.4 



Within columns, means not followed by the same letter are signitlcantly 

 different at odds of 19:1. 



18 



Fruf'r Notes, Winter, 1995 



