lin, Warren, North Brookfield, Shelbume, and Hawley. 

 Cultivars within the blocks were primarily mid-to-late 

 season, with planting densities ranging from 100 to 

 1000 trees per acre. The minimum block size was seven 

 rows deep by 28 trees long (Figure 1). Rows of trees 

 were divided into four sections, by colored flagging, 

 to correspond with the four separate post-petal-fall 

 pesticide treatments. There were two treatments us- 

 ing new, environmentally friendly materials (the fun- 

 gicide, Flint, and the insecticide, Avaunt) and two treat- 

 ments using conventional materials (the fungicide, cap- 

 tan, and the insecticide, Guthion). For each of these 

 treatments, there was a two-row perimeter-spray plot 

 and a full seven-row spray plot. 



During the early season (up through petal-fall) the 

 growers applied fungicides of their choice. Petal-fall 

 occurred in mid-May at five of the six sites, with the 

 exception being Hawley, which reached petal-fall on 

 May 31. After petal-fall, the sites were sprayed ac- 

 cording to the experimental protocol with the 

 University's air-blast sprayer. 



In early June, border areas within 100m of the ex- 

 perimental blocks were surveyed for alternate FS-host 

 density and density of FS on such hosts. Host density 

 was estimated on a four-point scale, and FS density 

 was estimated on a three-point scale after examining 

 known host plants throughout the border for fifteen 

 minutes (Figure 2). If any FS was found, a more pre- 

 cise measure was taken by examining 25 stems on al- 



ternate hosts every 1 Om along the border. 



Sprays applied by the University (Table 1 ) prior to 

 June 10 were full cover sprays, meaning all trees re- 

 ceived fungicide. Captan 80 was applied at 1.75 

 pounds/acre and Rubigan at 4.0 ounces/acre. At three 

 sites, scab persisted, so one additional unplanned cover 

 spray was needed in mid-June. For such applications, 

 Flint was applied at 2 ounces/acre. 



Fungicides were applied twice in the summer, with 

 one spray on July 1 8 or 1 9 and the other on August 8 

 or 9. The two Flint treatments were applied to trees at 

 a rate of 2.0 ounces/acre, and Captan 80 was applied 

 at 2.5 pounds/acre. All sprays were delivered with the 

 equivalent of 150 gallons per acre. 



FS counts began July 15. One hundred fruit were 

 sampled in rows 1,3, 5, and 7, in each of the four spray 

 treatments. Four hundred fruit were counted per treat- 

 ment, and 1600 fruit per block. Distance between rows 

 ranged from 8m (Shelbume) to 3m (Hawley). The 

 sample area was comprised of the bottom 6 feet of fruit, 

 on all sides of the tree. The typical sample was 20 

 fruit, from five trees, within each row. Also, the first 

 and last tree of each row, for each treatment, was not 

 sampled, since such trees could have been affected by 

 spray drift. Samples occurred weekly or semi weekly 

 until early September, when they were conducted 

 weekly. Counts continued until harvest, with the last 

 count on October 1 . 



Fruit Notes, Volume 67, Spring, 2002 



