A FULL REWARD FOR THE TILLER. 395 



However, mortgage credit, of course, there will have to 

 be. And it is perfectly right that the land should itself, 

 in case of need, provide the means for its own improvement. 

 If the owner of past times threw his chances away by 

 raising funds for improper purposes, or else found himself 

 compelled by the exigencies of our land system to rob Agri- 

 culture in order to provide out of its yield for his younger 

 children, that is a matter past praying for, the mischief 

 being done. However, many a new owner is sure to require 

 credit for legitimate purposes, the pursuit of which should 

 in the national interest be encouraged. Now the difficulty 

 in our mortgage credit, as observed, is not that the rate of 

 interest charged is exorbitant, but that the raising of it 

 is extremely troublesome and also costly, necessitating the 

 intervention of lawyers of both branches of the profession 

 who find in it a veritable milch cow that, without absolute 

 need, they would not wish to part with. One reason for 

 this is that already referred to, namely, the difficulty of 

 establishing a valid title to satisfy a lender. Another, 

 equally effective and equally hindering, is the want of 

 appropriate machinery for dealing out such credit. Such 

 machinery exists abroad and is found to answer. The 

 question was even more urgent there than among ourselves, 

 because money was scarcer and the owner of the land did 

 not begin as a capitalist of the type of our large landowners 

 of a past day. Necessity acting, as usual, as the mother of 

 invention, has there devised two kinds of most convenient, 

 easy and at the same time cheap credit, available for agri- 

 cultural purposes, one of which positively ensures legiti- 

 mate and provident employment. Such two types it is 

 important not to confuse or to mix up with one another, 

 because to do so would infallibly work mischief. They 

 must be kept strictl}^ apart. The type of credit given on 

 personal security, for working purposes is dealt with in a 

 separate chapter. Mortgage credit it may be more advis- 

 able to deal with here, because it is so dependent upon 

 title, of which I am now speaking. Attempts, naturally 

 suggested by a false idea of simplicity, have been made 

 to blend the two forms of credit, so as to make them the 



