204 



PRACTICAL COURSE IN BOTANY 



capitate (that is, round and knoblike) stigma. Make cross 

 and vertical sections of one of the older pistils lower down 



on the stem. How many 

 ovules does it contain? 

 How are they attached ? 

 Represent the position 

 of the pistil by a small 

 circle in the center of 

 your sketch of the sep- 

 arate parts. You have 

 now a complete ground 

 plan of the flower. Dia- 

 gram a vertical section, 

 as in Fig. 289, showing 

 the position of the ovary 

 with reference to the 

 other parts, and report 



Fig. 289. — Section of a tomato flower, show- 

 ing the hypogynous arrangement : ex, calyx ; 

 c, corolla ; s, stamens ; p, pistil ; o, ovary, st, 

 stigma. (Twice natural size.) 



in your notebook as to the following points 



Numerical plan 



Symmetry 



Regularity (complete or bilateral) 



Presence or absence of parts 

 Union of parts 

 Position of ovary 



II. DISSECTION OF TYPES WITH INFERIOR OVARY 



Material. — For monocotyls : in spring and early summer, iris, snow- 

 flake, freesia, crocus, narcissus, daffodil, can be used ; in autumn, gladiolus, 

 blackberry lily, fall crocus, star grass (Hypoxys). For dicotyls : in spring, 

 flowers of apple, pear, quince, gooseberry, squash, gourd, melon (with both 

 male and female flowers) ; in late summer and autumn, fuchsia, evening 

 primrose {(Enolhera), willow-herb {Epilobium). 



221. Study of a monocotyl flower. — Compare with the 

 specimens examined in the last section, a narcissus, snow- 

 flake, or iris flower. What difference do you notice in the 

 position of the ovary ? Would you call it inferior (below the 

 other parts) or superior (above them) ? How was it in the 

 lily and the hyacinth? If your specimen is an iris, notice 

 that it is sessile in the axil of a large bract called a spathe, 



