PNEUMONIA. 35 



lock of hair between the fingers in close proximity to the 

 ear. This sound is heard during the first stage or period 

 of arterial injection, while the lung is still struggling to 

 perform its functions. Soon a copious exudation takes 

 l^lace, which after a while solidifies. This condition is de- 

 noted on auscultation by the absence of all sound in the 

 diseased structure. In cases where the exudate breaks up, 

 liquefaction beginning to take place, a sort of ringing sound 

 may be heard on auscultation, showing that the tubes are 

 regaining their former condition. Percussion over the 

 region of a diseased lung yields a dull, dead sound ; a re- 

 sonant sound being emitted if the structure is in a normal 

 condition. The right lung is more likely to become affected, 

 and, as a matter of fact, does more frequently become affected, 

 than the left lung. Fortunately the whole lung or both 

 lungs are not often involved in the inflammatory process, or 

 death would quickly ensue. Abdominal breathing may be 

 observed ; appetite is poor or entirely absent. In certain 

 cases, consolidation of the lung structure may occur within 

 forty-eight hours from the appearance of the first symptom, 

 but, as a rule, it takes longer. In cases likely to terminate 

 fatally the pulse runs up, becoming quicker and weaker; 

 the respirations become increased in number, and more 

 difficult. A very bad symptom, after a few days' ill- 

 ness, is flapping of the nostrils ; in such cases, usually in 

 the course of four or five days, a brownish or rusty-coloured 

 discharge may be observed flowing from the nostrils, the 

 eyes take on an amaurotic stare, and the patient seems to 

 be unconscious of everything going on around him. The 

 pulse now becomes almost indistinct, body and extremities 

 deathly cold, and the mouth somewhat cold, the patient may 

 lie down for a few minutes, turn his head to his side, then 

 get up, stagger, fall, and rise no more. The horse retains the 

 standing posture in this disease because it aff'ords greater 



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