50 THE PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



supported by the administration of milk and eggs, stimu- 

 lants, etc. Sedatives are inadmissible. 



CHAPTEE II. 



RESPIRATORY DISEASES OF THE OX. 



Catarrh. — This affection, while not so frequently occur- 

 ring amongst cattle as in the horse family, is at the same 

 time a very common disease. It consists of an irritation, or 

 inflammatory condition of the mucous membrane lining the 

 nasal cavities. If the case be allowed to continue, or be 

 neglected, or improperly treated, the inflammatory condi- 

 tion will extend and result in bronchitis, etc. One reason 

 why it is not so common amongst cattle as amongst horses, is 

 that cattle stand foul air and confinement, poor food, etc., 

 much better than the horse does. 



Causes. — The causes of catarrh in the ox are similar to 

 those producing the disease in the horse, as exposure to 

 cold, dampness, alternations of temperature, etc. 



Symptoms.- — The disease is ushered in with a chill, the 

 muzzle is dry and hot, horns may be cold or hot, weeping 

 of the eyes, back arched, mouth hot ; soon there is a nasal 

 discharge, and other symptoms similar to those of the same 

 disease in the horse. 



Treatment. — Laxatives may safely be administered to the 

 ox in this aff'ection, and undue constipation may be over- 

 come by their use. Clysters may also be used to good 

 advantage. The nose should be kept clean by bathing, or 

 sponging. Stimulants, as nitrous ether, ammonia, etc., 

 should be given. The animal should be housed in warm, 

 dry, comfortable quarters, etc. ; the treatment being about 

 the same as that employed for the horse. 



Catarrh also occurs in a malignant or chronic form, and 

 is then known as Malignant Catarrh. It is caused by bad 



