PARALYSIS OF THE BLADDER. 469 



symptomatic of calculi, which may exist in any part of the 

 urinary system; a severe strain across the loins, causing rup- 

 ture of some of the small blood-vessels, may also give rise 

 to hcematuria. The practitioner should endeavour to ascer- 

 tain the history of the case, and if possible find out the 

 exact cause of the bloody discharge, and if it is due to cystic 

 calculi, treat in the usual way ; if the haemorrhage is from 

 the kidneys, plumbi acetas grs. xx. may be given in combi- 

 nation with tr. ferri chlorid. Small doses of opium may also 

 be administered to allay pain, followed by the mineral 

 acids. The animal should be carefully dieted, etc. 



PARALYSIS OF THE BLADDER. 



Paralysis of the bladder gives rise to symptoms which in 

 many cases may cause the true character of the disease to 

 be overlooked. The condition may be caused by the urine 

 not being passed freely, in consequence of which a certain 

 amount of fluid is always retained in the bladder, finally 

 causing paralysis and enlargement of that organ. 



Sijmptoms. — The animal experiences considerable difficulty 

 in voiding the urine, which is passed in small quantities, is 

 usually of a yellow colour, and is not ejected in as forcible 

 a manner as though flowing from a healthy bladder. The 

 animal apparently finishes urinating, and returns to his 

 former position, instead of remaining stretched out ; when 

 the practitioner, on making an examination per rectum, 

 will be astonished to find the bladder yet containing an 

 enormous quantity of urine. Gentle pressure may force it 

 out, but it is better to use the catheter to draw it ofl"; 

 after which the bladder should be injected with tepid 

 water, gradually changing to the use of cold water, and 

 nerve tonics, laxative food, etc., should be given. Paralysis 

 is sometimes associated with urinary deposits ; it is a 



