470 THE PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



troublesome condition and often incurable, especially if 

 of long standing. 



Enuresis, or Incontinence of Urine. — This condition is 

 the opposite of retention. It may be caused by an irritable 

 condition of the bladder, loss of nervous influence, etc., and 

 is characterized by the involuntary and almost continual 

 escape of urine. 



Treatment. — Benefit will result from injecting the bladder 

 with warm water, changing gradually to cold; nerve and 

 diffusible stimulants will be found useful, and a thorough 

 course of constitutional treatment may, in some cases, be 

 necessary. 



CHAPTER XXII. 



Diseases of the Male Organs of Generation, 



ORCHITIS. 



Definition. — Inflammation of the testicles. Orchitis is a 

 very serious condition, but one not very frequently met with ; 

 it is caused by direct injury as a rule, such as blows, kicks, 

 covering mares in an improper manner, exposure to cold, 

 absorption of blood poison in some cases, and it may occa- 

 sionally be the result of indirect injury^ as strains caused by 

 running, jumping, etc. 



Symptoms. — The animal suffers great pain, and the parts 

 become greatly swollen ; pyrexia is a prominent symptom, 

 the pulse being quick, full, and bounding. As a rule the 

 animal retains the standing posture ; occasionally a case may 

 be met with in which the animal lies down, and in some 

 cases attempts to roll. When standing, the patient may 

 elevate one of his hind feet from the ground, and during 

 progression he walks with difficulty, expressing his pain by 



