PROTRUSION OF THE VAGINA. 513 



and allowed in liberal quantities. The animal should also 

 be given a course of vegetable and mineral tonics. 



Clitoris. — The clitoris may become diseased in various 

 ways ; such conditions being most frequently noticed in old 

 and debilitated mares. Tumours of various kinds some- 

 times occur in connection with this organ. For such 

 growths, when of a malignant character, very little can be 

 done. In some cases the clitoris may be ulcerated or other- 

 wise diseased to such an extent as to necessitate its 

 removal. This ojieration is by no means an unimportant 

 one, as may be imagined, and should not be performed 

 except in cases of necessity. 



OVARIAN DISEASES. 



Enlargement of the ovaries sometimes comes under 

 observation, and tumours of a fibrous or encysted character 

 are occasionally met with in connection with these bodies, 

 encysted tumours being the most common. Ovarian 

 diseases are most frequently met with affecting old cows 

 and mares that have been bred several times, when they 

 attract attention by suddenly refusing to breed. These 

 conditions are very difficult to diagnose. 



Symptoms. — The mare steadily refuses the horse, or may 

 allow herself to be covered a number of times, but fails to 

 conceive. In a short time she begins to fall off" in flesh ; 

 oestrum may be manifested regularly, and at the usual time 

 of year, and may extend over a longer period than it 

 should ; slight abdominal pain may frequently be manifested 

 by the animal ; and there is usually a well-marked and in- 

 creasing irritation of the urino-genital system, and a slight 

 muco-purulent discharge from the vulva. The animal has 

 a generally unthrifty appearance ; tires easily, etc. If the 

 ovaries are enlarged to any great extent, an examination 

 per rectum will reveal the fact. In some cases they attain 



33 



