HEART DISEASES. 553 



Rupture of the inner coat, whilst the two outer coats of the 

 artery remain uninjured, constitutes a ' false aneurism.* 

 When the outer coats of the artery rupture, and the inner 

 coat remains intact, the condition is known as ' hernial 

 aneurism.' A consecutive aneurism is where the inner coat 

 gives way first, after which the middle and outer coats give 

 way in the order named. A ' dissecting aneurism ' is one 

 in which the separation of two of the coats of the artery 

 takes place ; the blood flows between the separated coats 

 and causes further separation, gradually dissecting one coat 

 from the other. Aneurisms are most frequently seen in 

 connection with the mesenteric arteries. An aneurism may 

 exist in connection with the carotid artery for a long time ; 

 but sooner or later the affected coats rupture and death 

 results. 



Treatment. — When the aneurism is in such a situation 

 that it can be got at, it should be cut down upon, the 

 artery ligated, and the aneurism dissected out. 



Heart, Foreign Bodies in. — Foreign bodies are not unfre- 

 quently found in the heart of the ox. The substance is 

 first taken into the reticulum, which by its action forces it 

 through the diaphragm, and it proceeds on its journey 

 until it penetrates the pericardium and becomes lodged in 

 the heart. 



Symptoms. — The animal shows the general symptoms of 

 heart disease. The symptoms may be mild and the animal 

 recover, and after a few days show the same symptoms 

 again, but perhaps in a more violent form ; the digestion is 

 also noticed to be faulty. With such symptoms the practi- 

 tioner may feel pretty safe in diagnosing the case as one of 

 some foreign substance imbedded in the heart. Various 

 objects, as knives, needles, etc., have been found in the 

 hearts of cattle. Nothing whatever in the way of treat- 

 ment can be done, with any reasonable hope of relieving 



