X CONTENTS. 



Castration {continued) — page 



Castration of male ruminants, castration with exposure of the testicle, " bis- 

 tournage," the "caustic ligature," tying the cord. Castration of sheep and goats, 

 castration of swine, castration of cats and dogs, castration of male birds, caponing, 

 etc. Complications during castration of male animals — Adhesion of testicle to 

 the tunica vaginalis, prolapse of omentum, prolapse of bowel, entrance of air 

 into the abdominal cavity. Unfavourable consequences of castration of male 

 animals — Bleeding, excessive swelling, castration fever, septic fever, peritonitis, 

 prolapse of spermatic cord, abscess formation. Treatment of such complications. 

 Castration of cryptorchids. — Disea.se and retention of testicle in abdominal 

 cavity, diagnosis of cryptorchidism, inguinal and abdominal cryptorchidism, 

 anatomy of the subject, inguinal and ventral operation for retained testicle. The 

 inguinal operation — Incision, opening the inguinal canal, perforation of the abdo- 

 minal walls, finding the testicle. Complications during and after operation. The 

 ventral operation, method and results. 



Castration of female animals (oophorectomy), reasons for. Charlier's opera- 

 tion for cows and its modifications. Instruments, methods, and results. Castra- 

 tion of mares (full description), castration of sows from the flank and from 

 the linea alba (full description), castration of bitches, castration of birds . . 196 



