22 OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE. 



adjusted on the feet, and the ropes controlHng them tightened and 

 fastened to belaying-pins behind the table. Thus secured, the horse 

 and table were turned through the arc of a circle by working the crank 

 handle seen on the left side. 



For minor operations this table served a very useful purpose, but 

 a patent defect was the inaccessibility of one side of the horse, and 

 the need, when both sides had to be operated on, of releasing, turning 

 round, and refastening the animal. 



The most practical apparatus hitherto introduced is probably that 

 shown in Figs. 39 to 42. It was originally invented about i8go by 

 M. Vinsot, a former student of Alfort, with whom the writer has for 

 some years been associated. As now modified this table has proved 

 very successful, especiall}/ in the East, where Mr. Dollar has sent a 

 considerable number for the use of hospitals and bacteriological 

 institutes. 



The main portion of the apparatus is seen roughly to consist of two 

 approximately rectangular end pieces, connected at the top by a strong 

 steel girder, and at the bottom by a strong iron rod of circular section. 

 These rectangular frames are further connected at 2 feet 6 inches from 

 the ground by two movable rods, adapted to swing open, and the 

 whole framework is supported and pivoted on two powerful axes, 

 placed as nearly as possible on a level with the general centre of gravity 

 of the whole machine. A double cushion, intended to support the 

 horse when lying, is capable of attachment to either of these side rods. 



The purpose of the various rachet wheels and chains will be better 

 understood by reference to the figures showing the horse in position 

 for turning over. His head, secured by a strong head-collar and side- 

 ropes, rests within the padded upper portions of the front frame. 

 Under his body passes a strong "bed-piece" reinforced with leather 

 straps, the extremities of which carry iron eyes for the reception of a 

 chain, by tightening which he is lifted almost off his feet just before 

 turning over. In front this '"bed-piece" is secured in position by a 

 strap passing round the chest, and behind by a crupper attached to the 

 back chain. The chain is wound on a spindle, turned, through the 

 medium of gearing, by the crank handle shown. The horse's feet are 

 fixed by hobbles to a strong chain running along the whole length of 

 the bottom of the apparatus, and tightened by turning the lower of the 

 two crank handles seen to the right. 



To support the revolving part, which weighs 7 cwt. and is capable 

 of accommodating horses of any size, two strong iron standards 4 feet 

 6 inches high, and provided with stays of 2-inch iron, are sunk in the 

 earth, where they are surrounded by masses of concrete weighing five 



