GENERAL ANAESTHESIA BY COCAINE. 65 



In the second case the operation of ovariotomy was performed 

 without any exhibition of pain. 



Third experiment. Aged mare, medium size. Injected 30 minims of 

 cocaine sohition. The gait was like that of the former animal. Ten 

 minutes later ovariotomy was performed without any movement what- 

 soever ("dans le calme le plus parfait"). The sensibility of different 

 parts of the hind limbs, flanks, and lower aspects of abdomen was 

 tested by pyropuncture ; there were no signs of pain. Plantar 

 neurotomies were performed upon the hind limbs forty minutes after 

 the injection without pain, the animal lying down. 



Bovines. — The same trocar as for the horse was used. Puncture was 

 made at the same point. Leaving aside the toughness of the skin, the 

 operation is easier than in the horse, the lumbo-sacral space being a 

 little wider. 



Sixth experiment. An old Lourdes cow. Injected 75 minims of 2 per 

 cent, solution of cocaine. Three minutes later the animal flexed her hind 

 limbs ; after five minutes she showed weakness, and for a short time 

 literally sat down ; then she lay down on her side. Pricked deeply in 

 different parts of the hind limb, she did not move. When the prick- 

 ings were done in the fore-quarters as far as the line of cartilages of 

 the asternal ribs, she showed pain. An hour later the animal got up 

 voluntarily. The spinal cord, spinal meninges, and cauda equina 

 were perfectly normal. 



Dog. — The best point for the operation is again in the lumbo- 

 sacral region, taking the same landmarks as before. A hollow needle 

 of a Pravaz syringe, 2\ inches long and yg- inch in diameter, is the 

 most suitable. The animal stood up, the head kept firmly in position 

 by an assistant, but did not resist the operation. 



Ninth experiment. A male mastiff of average size received 30 minims 

 of the cocaine solution. Several minutes later he fell upon his hind 

 quarters, the limbs extended, and progressed by means of the fore- 

 limbs as an animal attacked with complete paraplegia. Sensibility was 

 tested by the aid of the zoocautery, and was found to be non-existent 

 behind the hypochondriac regions, but preserved in front. Forty-five 

 minutes later the animal got up, and sensation only commenced to 

 reappear at the end of an hour. The dog then went to his kennel and 

 ate his food with relish. 



Tenth experiment. Made upon the same animal the day following 

 the previous experiment. The animal did not appear to have suffered 

 from the experiment of the previous evening. He received 15 minims of 

 the solution. Five minutes later the gait was somewhat altered, but 

 walking was still possible ; the analgesia extended over the same area as 

 the previous day. An hour later, the condition of the animal being appa- 

 rently normal, 15 minims were injected in the region of the bulb in the 

 occipito-atloid space without puncturing the medulla. A few seconds 

 later the animal became helpless ; he could only advance by crouching 

 on the ground with his paws in front of him, moving upon his sternum. 

 He vomited. The analgesia involved the anterior part of the body, the 

 head excepted. Two hours later he progressed more easily, and went 

 to his kennel, where he ate his food. During the succeeding days and 



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