254 



OPERATR'E TECHNIQUE. 



for twisting off the ovary are next introduced with the left hand, 

 and whilst the right hand, the thumb of which is covered with 

 the metallic thumb-stall, grasps the ovarian ligament, the left slowly 

 rotates the forceps until the ovary is freed. The right ovary is 

 removed in a similar fashion, the right hand, however, taking the 

 place of the left, and vice versa. No special after-treatment is required. 

 Any blood which may have passed into the vagina during operation is 

 removed with the hand or with a clean sponge. The vulva is washed 



Fig. 259. — Longitudinal section in a vertical plane through the urino-genital 



organs of a mare. 



o. Left ovarv. b.u.l. Broad uterine ligament, l.h. Left horn of the uterus. 



u. Uterus, v. Vagina, bl. Bladder. R. Rectum, p. Section through pelvis. 



A.w. Abdominal wall. e.s. Excavatio superior, e.r. Excavatio recto-vaginalis. 



E.v. Excavatio vesico-vaginalis. e.i. Excavatio inferior. 



once or twice a day with a disinfecting fluid. Healing proceeds 

 regularly, and without complication. No special difficulty is usually 

 found in operating, and after some practice the operation is not 

 difficult. 



When this method became better known many modifications were 

 proposed. 



Charlier himself afterwards constructed another form of vaginal 

 speculum, because the arms of the first sometimes proved too weak. 

 Further modifications have since been effected by different operators. 

 Colin incised the upper vaginal wall close behind the os uteri with a 



