NATURE'S CALENDAR 



hard-shelled beetles few survive the cold 

 months of the Northern States. 



Not many of the flies last from one 

 year to another, except a few around warm 

 houses and stables, but many of the but- 

 terflies are hardy enough to survive Janu- 

 ary frosts. Several species of the common 

 brown Vanessa, especially Vanessa antiopa 

 and V. progne, spend the season under 

 logs, ledges of rocks, etc., and the appear- 

 ance of a warm, thawing day will bring 

 them, and other insects, into temporary 

 activity. The delicacy of these creatures 

 does not prevent their enduring severe 

 cold ; moths and butterflies may be found 

 in the arctic regions, or upon the freez- 

 ing, stormy peaks of the highest mountain 

 ranges. Such, among American butter- 

 flies, are the grass-feeding species of the 

 genus Erebia, whose chrysalids are placed 

 for the winter upon the ground; those of 

 the genus (Eneis, called "arctics," also 

 brown and grass - eating, one of which 

 is a famous Mount Washington species 

 {CEnezs semi'dea), which dwells on the 

 naked summits of the Presidential Range 

 in the White Mountains, where it is re- 

 garded as a relic of the glacial period, 

 when an arctic climate prev^ailed as far 

 south as central New Hampshire. An- 

 other Mount Washington butterfly, Bren- 

 this montiniis, has a similar history, and 

 represents a third genus of small butter- 

 flies able to endure arctic cold. 



Some species of these tribes may be 



January 12 



January 13 



